Study on the Fluctuations of Typical Glaciers and Lakes in the Tibetan Plateau Using Remote Sensing
Study on the Fluctuations of Typical Glaciers and Lakes in the Tibetan Plateau Using Remote Sensing
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发表时间：
2005
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通讯作者：
A. Lu
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作者：
A. Lu
青藏高原的冰川湖泊在地球气候系统中占有重要地位，遥感技术和地理信息系统技术是分析冰川湖泊状况和变化的有效工具。本文利用航空、卫星遥感和GIS等数据，对青藏高原典型冰川湖泊的变化进行了研究，并对青藏高原典型冰川湖泊的变化规律进行了分析。结果表明，青藏高原典型冰川湖泊的变化规律与气候变化密切相关。结果表明，青藏高原中部湖泊面积的变化明显地依赖于局地气候变化，近30年来，青藏高原中部的大部分湖泊，如色陵湖、纳木湖等，湖泊面积扩大，湖泊周围的冰川急剧退缩。据推测，降水量增加、潜在蒸发量减少和冰川融化径流是湖泊扩大的主要原因。然而，1960-2000年，高原东北部黄河源头地区的湖泊在冰川退缩的情况下，湖泊面积缩小，黄河源区降水量的变化趋势虽然是正的，而气温升高的趋势不显著，说明近30年来，由于蒸发蒸腾量的增加，湖泊的水量损失增加，湖泊萎缩，同时认为，人类活动导致的生态系统退化是湖泊萎缩的重要原因。
Glaciers and lakes on the Tibetan Plateau play an important role in the earth's climatic system.The remote sensing techniques and the Geographic Information System technology is an efficient tool to analyze the status and fluctuations of glaciers and lakes.In this paper,the variations of typical glaciers and lakes throughout the Tibetan Plateau were investigated by analyzing the datasets from aerial photos,satellite images,topographical and the derived digital elevation models during the period of 1960-2000.The results show that variation of lake area depends clearly on local climate change.Over the past 30 years,the most of lakes in the middle Tibetan Plateau,such as the Seling Lake and Nam Lake,expanded and glaciers around the lakes retreated dramatically.It is inferred that the increasing of precipitation,decreasing of potential evaportranspiration and runoff from glacier melting are responsible mainly for the lake expanding.However,the lakes in the head regions of the Yellow River in the northeastern plateau shrunk in the period of 1960-2000 despite of glacier retreating.In the source regions of the Yellow River,the changing trend of precipitation,although positive,is not significant while temperature increased apparently,indicating water loss of the lakes enhanced through increasing of evaportranspiration and thus lakes shrunk in the past 30 years.It is also argued that ecosystem regression resulted from human activity in the regions played an important role in the lake shrinking.