Migration of intradermally injected quantum dots to sentinel organs in mice
Migration of intradermally injected quantum dots to sentinel organs in mice
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DOI：
10.1093/toxsci/kfm074
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发表时间：
2007-07-01
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
Howard, Paul C.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Gopee, Neera V.;Roberts, Dean W.;Howard, Paul C.
局部暴露于纳米级材料可能来自多种来源，包括防晒霜和化妆品。由于在体内处置的纳米级材料还没有得到很好的理解，我们已经评估了量子点（QD）的分布后，皮内注射到女性SKH-1无毛小鼠作为模型系统，用于确定组织定位后皮内浸润。将QD（CdSe核，US封端，聚[乙二醇]涂覆，37 nm直径，621 nm荧光发射）皮内（ID）注射到右背侧。在皮内注射后几分钟内，可以观察到高UV荧光QD从注射部位明显通过淋巴管系统移动到局部淋巴结。残留荧光QD保留在注射部位，直至24 h尸检。采用电感耦合等离子体质谱法（ICP-MS）对0、4、8、12或24 h后多个组织中的镉和硒水平进行定量分析，结果显示镉从注射部位的损失呈时间依赖性，并在肝脏、区域引流淋巴结、肾脏、脾脏和肝淋巴结中蓄积。荧光显微镜证实了ICP-MS关于QD组织分布的结果。结果表明：（1）ID注射的纳米QD在皮肤中以存款的形式保留并穿透周围有活力的皮下组织;（2）QD通过血液系统分布到引流淋巴结以及肝脏和其他器官;（3）哨兵器官是监测纳米材料经皮渗透到动物体内的有效部位。
Topical exposure to nanoscale materials is likely from a variety of sources including sunscreens and cosmetics. Because the in vivo disposition of nanoscale materials is not well understood, we have evaluated the distribution of quantum dots (QDs) following intradermal injection into female SKH-1 hairless mice as a model system for determining tissue localization following intradermal infiltration. The QD (CdSe core, US capped, poly[ethylene glycol] coated, 37 mn diameter, 621 nm fluorescence emission) were injected intradermally (ID) on the right dorsal flank. Within minutes following intradermal injection, the highly UV fluorescent QD could be observed moving from the injection sites apparently through the lymphatic duct system to regional lymph nodes. Residual fluorescent QD remained at the site of injection until necropsy at 24 h. Quantification of cadmium and selenium levels after 0, 4,8,12, or 24 h in multiple tissues, using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), showed a time-dependent loss of cadmium from the injection site, and accumulation in the liver, regional draining lymph nodes, kidney, spleen, and hepatic lymph node. Fluorescence microscopy corroborated the ICP-MS results regarding the tissue distribution of QD. The results indicated that (1) ID injected nanoscale QD remained as a deposit in skin and penetrated the surrounding viable subcutis, (2) QD were distributed to draining lymph nodes through the sc lymphatics and to the liver and other organs, and (3) sentinel organs are effective locations for monitoring transdermal penetration of nanoscale materials into animals.