B1b cells recognize protective antigens after natural infection and vaccination.
B1b cells recognize protective antigens after natural infection and vaccination.
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DOI：
10.3389/fimmu.2014.00535
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发表时间：
2014
影响因子：
7.3
通讯作者：
Henderson IR
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cunningham AF;Flores-Langarica A;Bobat S;Dominguez Medina CC;Cook CN;Ross EA;Lopez-Macias C;Henderson IR
在人类和其他动物（如小鼠）中存在多种不同的B细胞群。在后一种物种中，有一个被称为B1细胞的B细胞亚群，它富含外周部位，如腹膜腔，但在血液中很少见。B1细胞可以进一步细分为B1a和B1b亚群。可能有额外的B1亚群，尽管目前还不清楚这些是发育过程中成为成熟B1a和B1b细胞的不同群体或阶段。理解B1亚群的一个限制是特异性表面标志物的相对缺乏。与小鼠相比，人类B1细胞的存在争议，需要更多的研究来探讨这些神秘细胞的本质。B1b抗原的实例包括肺炎球菌多糖和来自伤寒沙门氏菌的Vi抗原，两者都常规用作人类疫苗和实验抗原如半抗原化的Ficoll。除了诱导经典的T依赖性应答之外，一些蛋白质是B1b抗原并且可以诱导T非依赖性（TI）免疫，实例包括来自赫氏疏螺旋体的H因子结合蛋白和来自沙门氏菌的孔蛋白。因此，B1b抗原可以是蛋白质的或非蛋白质的，诱导TI反应、记忆和免疫，它们存在于多种致病菌中，并且单个物种可以含有多种B1b抗原。研究B1b细胞的一个意想不到的好处是，它们似乎有识别细菌中保护性抗原的倾向。这表明，研究B1b细胞可能对疫苗设计有益，因为由于小分子抗菌剂的功效降低，免疫预防和免疫干预变得更加重要。
There are multiple, distinct B-cell populations in human beings and other animals such as mice. In the latter species, there is a well-characterized subset of B-cells known as B1 cells, which are enriched in peripheral sites such as the peritoneal cavity but are rare in the blood. B1 cells can be further subdivided into B1a and B1b subsets. There may be additional B1 subsets, though it is unclear if these are distinct populations or stages in the developmental process to become mature B1a and B1b cells. A limitation in understanding B1 subsets is the relative paucity of specific surface markers. In contrast to mice, the existence of B1 cells in human beings is controversial and more studies are needed to investigate the nature of these enigmatic cells. Examples of B1b antigens include pneumococcal polysaccharide and the Vi antigen from Salmonella Typhi, both used routinely as vaccines in human beings and experimental antigens such as haptenated-Ficoll. In addition to inducing classical T-dependent responses some proteins are B1b antigens and can induce T-independent (TI) immunity, examples include factor H binding protein from Borrelia hermsii and porins from Salmonella. Therefore, B1b antigens can be proteinaceous or non-proteinaceous, induce TI responses, memory, and immunity, they exist in a diverse range of pathogenic bacteria, and a single species can contain multiple B1b antigens. An unexpected benefit to studying B1b cells is that they appear to have a propensity to recognize protective antigens in bacteria. This suggests that studying B1b cells may be rewarding for vaccine design as immunoprophylactic and immunotherapeutic interventions become more important due to the decreasing efficacy of small molecule antimicrobials.