The health of the Roma people: a review of the published literature
The health of the Roma people: a review of the published literature
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DOI：
10.1136/jech.54.11.864
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发表时间：
2000-11-01
影响因子：
6.3
通讯作者：
McKee, M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hajioff, S;McKee, M
罗姆人起源于印度北方，在欧洲已经有近千年的历史。在这段时间的大部分时间里，他们一直是歧视和压迫的对象，最终导致50万罗姆人在纳粹死亡集中营中被灭绝。虽然人们普遍认为，罗姆人的健康往往比大多数人口更差，这些不平等现象仍然在很大程度上unresearched. Methods发表的文献对罗姆人的健康确定使用Medline。意见被排除在外，因为是论文有关人体测量学和遗传标记。所产生的论文进行了分析，由国家的研究和疾病类型或护理组，结果-约70%的论文确定涉及三个国家：西班牙和捷克共和国和斯洛伐克共和国。许多文献集中于传染病或生殖健康。有限的证据表明，非传染性疾病的发病率有所增加，但关于这一主题的出版物很少。关于保健的证据虽然不完整，但表明获得保健服务和预防保健的机会较少。已受到关注的主题表明，重点是传染或社会达尔文主义的概念，表明与他们生活的大多数人口的健康需要更大的关注。有必要进一步研究罗姆人的健康问题，特别是非传染性疾病，并采取干预措施改善罗姆人的健康状况。然而，这种研究必须敏感地进行，认识到有关社会的社会和政治背景。
Background-The Roma people originated in northern India and have been known in Europe for nearly a thousand years. For much of that time they have been the subjects of discrimination and oppression, culminating in the extermination of half a million Roma in the Nazi death camps. While it is widely believed that the health of Roma people is often poorer than the majority population, these inequalities remain largely unresearched.Methods-Published literature on the health of the Roma people was identified using Medline. Opinion pieces were excluded, as were papers relating to anthropometry and to genetic markers. The resultant papers were analysed by country of study and by disease type or care group,Results-Some 70% of papers identified related to just three countries; Spain and the Czech and Slovak Republics. Much literature concentrates upon communicable disease or reproductive health. The Limited evidence suggests increased morbidity from non-communicable disease, but there is little published on this topic. Evidence on health care, though fragmentary, suggests poorer access to health services and uptake of preventative care.Discussion-Published research on the health needs of the Roma population is sparse. The topics that have received attention suggest a focus on concepts of contagion or social Darwinism, indicating a greater concern with the health needs of the majority populations with which they Live. There is a need for both further research into the health of Roma people; with particular emphasis on noncommunicable disease; and also for interventions that improve Roma health. Such research must, however, be handled with sensitivity, recognising the social and political context of the society concerned.