Cryptic divergence and phylogeography of the pike gudgeon Pseudogobio esocinus (Teleostei: Cyprinidae): a comprehensive case of freshwater phylogeography in Japan
Cryptic divergence and phylogeography of the pike gudgeon Pseudogobio esocinus (Teleostei: Cyprinidae): a comprehensive case of freshwater phylogeography in Japan
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梭子鱼 Pseudogobio esocinus（Teleostei：鲤科）的隐秘分歧和系统发育地理学：日本淡水系统发育地理学的综合案例
DOI：
10.1007/s10228-015-0478-3
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发表时间：
2016
影响因子：
1.2
通讯作者：
J Nakajima and K Watanabe
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Tominaga K;J Nakajima and K Watanabe
为了揭示影响日本列岛淡水生物地理分化的主要历史事件，我们调查了广泛分布的淡水鱼Pseudogobio esocinus的发生和地理结构。我们进行了全面的地理分析的基础上的线粒体DNA细胞色素b（cytb）基因的部分序列的1,212 P。来自沿着136个水系的201个地点的esocinus标本与相关物种的序列数据。我们还检查了一部分个体的整个cytb序列和三个核基因序列，以估计系统发育关系和分歧时间。通过贝叶斯天际线图、错配分布和巢式进化枝地理分析，推断了形成当前进化枝地理格局的历史过程。线粒体DNA和核DNA的同源性分析表明，日本对虾P. esocinus不是单系的，由三个分化很大的类群组成。以中央高地为界，两个族群分布在日本西南部，第三个族群分布在日本东北部。估算的分歧时间表明，这三个群现今活动范围的框架形成于上新世早期或之前。在日本西南部，这两个群体往往发生同域性，并包括几个区域性的亚群，其边界是早更新世隆起的主要山脉系统，而在日本东北部群体，推断最近（约30万年前）从西北地区的范围扩张。结果表明，中央高原的隆升以及与大陆的相互联系对P. esocinus，这可能也影响了日本淡水动物区系的区域异质性。日本东北部和西南部的淡水地理格局的对比可能反映了它们的地形和地史差异，并暗示了这两个地区之间的淡水动物群的形成过程的差异。
To reveal the primary historical events that affected the geographic differentiation in freshwater organisms in the Japanese archipelago, we investigated the phylogeny and phylogeographic structure of the widely distributed freshwater fishPseudogobio esocinus. We conducted comprehensive phylogeographic analyses based on partial sequences of the mitochondrial DNA cytochromeb(cytb) gene in 1,212P. esocinusspecimens from 201 locations in 136 river systems along with sequence data from related species. We also examined the entire cytbsequence and three nuclear gene sequences for a subset of individuals to estimate the phylogenetic relationships and divergence times. Historical processes shaping the present phylogeographic patterns were inferred by the Bayesian skyline plot, mismatch distribution and nested clade phylogeographic analyses. The mitochondrial and nuclear DNA phylogenies showed that the JapaneseP. esocinuswas not monophyletic and consisted of three largely differentiated groups. Divided by the Central Highlands, two groups were distributed in southwestern Japan, with a third group in northeastern Japan. The estimated divergence time indicated that the framework of the present ranges of the three groups was formed during or before the Early Pliocene. In southwestern Japan, the two groups often occurred sympatrically and included several regional subgroups bounded by major mountain systems uplifted in the early Pleistocene, while in the northeastern Japanese group, recent (since about 0.3 million years ago) range expansion from the northwestern area was inferred. The results suggest the importance of the uplifting of the Central Highlands and interconnection with the continental area in the distribution and divergence ofP. esocinus, which may have also influenced regional heterogeneity in the Japanese freshwater fauna. The contrasting phylogeographic patterns between northeastern and southwestern Japan probably reflect their topographic and geohistorical differences, and imply differences in the formation process of freshwater fauna between the two regions.