Detection of a SARS-CoV-2 variant of concern in South Africa
Detection of a SARS-CoV-2 variant of concern in South Africa
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DOI：
10.1038/s41586-021-03402-9
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发表时间：
2021-03-09
期刊：
影响因子：
64.8
通讯作者：
de Oliveira, Tulio
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Tegally, Houriiyah;Wilkinson, Eduan;de Oliveira, Tulio
SARS-CoV-2在世界许多地区的持续不受控制的传播正在为病毒的实质性进化变化创造条件（1，2）。在这里，我们描述了一个新出现的SARS-CoV-2谱系（命名为501Y.V2;也称为B.1.351或20 H），其由刺突蛋白中的8个突变定义，包括其受体结合结构域中可能具有功能重要性的残基的3个取代（K417 N，E484 K和N501 Y）（3-5）。这一谱系是在南非第一波疫情后，在位于东开普省海岸的受严重影响的大都市区（纳尔逊曼德拉湾）发现的。这一血统迅速传播，并在几周内在东开普省、西开普省和夸祖鲁-纳塔尔省占据主导地位。虽然突变的全部输入尚未确定，但基因组数据显示，在几个地区，其他谱系的快速扩张和置换表明，该谱系与选择优势有关，最有可能是由于增加的遗传性或免疫逃逸（6-8）。
Continued uncontrolled transmission of SARS-CoV-2 in many parts of the world is creating conditions for substantial evolutionary changes to the virus(1,2). Here we describe a newly arisen lineage of SARS-CoV-2 (designated 501Y.V2; also known as B.1.351 or 20H) that is defined by eight mutations in the spike protein, including three substitutions (K417N, E484K and N501Y) at residues in its receptor-binding domain that may have functional importance(3-5). This lineage was identified in South Africa after the first wave of the epidemic in a severely affected metropolitan area (Nelson Mandela Bay) that is located on the coast of the Eastern Cape province. This lineage spread rapidly, and became dominant in Eastern Cape, Western Cape and KwaZuluNatal provinces within weeks. Although the full import of the mutations is yet to be determined, the genomic data-which show rapid expansion and displacement of other lineages in several regions-suggest that this lineage is associated with a selection advantage that most plausibly results from increased transmissibility or immune escape(6-8).