Midwinter Emergence in Hibernating Timber Rattlesnakes (Crotalus horridus)
Midwinter Emergence in Hibernating Timber Rattlesnakes (Crotalus horridus)
复制标题
冬眠木响尾蛇 (Crotalus horridus) 的仲冬出现
DOI：
10.1670/14-113
复制
发表时间：
2016
影响因子：
2.1
通讯作者：
V. A. Cobb
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Eric J. Nordberg;V. A. Cobb
摘要冬眠是温带爬行动物逃避严寒冬季的重要行为事件。冬眠爬行动物通常被认为是休眠期，对冬季活动的观察表明，冬眠爬行动物可能比最初认为的更活跃。为了检查一种通常冬眠的物种--木材响尾蛇的冬季活动，我们监测了两个冬天自由放养的响尾蛇的详细活动和体温(TBS)。在五个月的冬眠期内，每小时监测一次TBS和蛇的活动，以了解仲冬活动和潜在的体温调节行为。环境温度和蛇的工作温度被用来估计蛇在表面或在表面的时间段。肉眼观察到蛇在水面晒太阳的情况并不常见；然而，每小时记录一次的蛇TBS显示，69%的蛇出现在水面上两次或两次以上，总共发生了14个个体的60次涌现事件。蛇在冬眠期间的TBS(N=53,041)为11.1±3.5°C(平均值±SD)，范围为1.1-33.7°C。与我们的预测相反，计算的与冬眠期间增加TB(通过晒太阳或表面浮现)相关的代谢支出对越冬所需的总能量收支几乎没有影响。可归因于多个晒太阳活动(例如，10个晒太阳活动)的额外代谢支出可以通过在活动季节获取低至1.0g的啮齿动物来抵消。
Abstract Hibernation is an important behavioral event in temperate-region reptiles for escaping periods of harsh winter temperatures. Generally considered a dormant period, observations of winter activity suggest that hibernating reptiles may be more active than initially thought. To examine winter activity in a species that commonly hibernates, Timber Rattlesnakes (Crotalus horridus), we monitored the detailed movements and body temperatures (Tbs) of free-ranging snakes over two winters. Hourly Tbs and movements of snakes throughout a five-month hibernation period were monitored for midwinter activity and potential thermoregulatory behavior. Environmental temperatures and snake operative temperatures were used to estimate time periods when snakes were at or on the surface. Visual observations of snakes basking on the surface were uncommon; however, hourly recorded snake Tbs revealed that 69% of the snakes emerged to the surface to bask two or more times for a total of 60 emergence events from 14 individuals. Snake Tbs (N = 53,041) during hibernation were 11.1 ± 3.5°C (mean ± SD) and ranged from 1.1–33.7°C. Counter to our prediction, calculated estimates of metabolic expenditure associated with increasing Tb (via basking or surface emergence) during hibernation had little effect on the total energy budget required to survive winter. Additional metabolic expenditure attributable to multiple basking events (e.g., 10 basking events) can be offset by acquiring as little as 1.0 g of rodent during the active season.