Genetic variation in foraging traits among inbred lines of a predatory mite
Genetic variation in foraging traits among inbred lines of a predatory mite
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DOI：
10.1038/sj.hdy.6800145
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发表时间：
2002-11-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
Charlton, RE
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Jia, F;Margolies, DC;Charlton, RE
捕食者对草食动物诱导的植物挥发物的反应会影响捕食者在猎物斑块中停留的时间长度，以及捕食者发现新猎物斑块的可能性。对食草动物诱导的植物挥发物的反应的差异可能导致个体之间不同的觅食决定，从而影响斑块内的动态和斑块间的扩散。在对食草动物诱导的植物挥发物反应的两种行为分析中，我们发现捕食性叶螨近交系间存在显著的表型和加性遗传变异。在测量斑块停留时间的风洞测试中，当出现远距离草食动物诱导的植物挥发物时，某些品系的成年雌性捕食者比其他品系的成年雌性捕食者更早离开猎物斑块；而当没有远距离挥发物出现时，这种变化就消失了。在斑块位置的测量中，某些品系比其他品系更有可能定位被猎物侵染的叶盘；同样，当使用未被侵染的叶盘时，这一点也没有区别。斑块位置与斑块居留呈负相关。也就是说，在远距离挥发物存在的情况下，更有可能离开猎物斑块的品系也更有可能在20厘米之外找到气味来源(即猎物斑块)。这两种与觅食相关的行为是可遗传的。这两种行为的连续分布表明，这些行为特征可能由几个到多个基因座决定。我们的越界实验表明，母亲的影响可以被排除在外。在自交系中也检测到另外两个与觅食相关的性状--消耗和产卵--存在显著的表型差异。捕食量与产卵量呈正相关，但不同自交系之间的关系(斜率)不同，表明捕食性螨类在食物转化效率上存在差异。斑块居留与消费之间存在一定的关系。斑块位置作为一个重要的觅食特征，似乎与消耗呈负相关，这表明在寻找斑块和繁殖之间存在权衡。
Response of predators to herbivore-induced plant volatiles can affect the length of time a predator spends in a prey patch and the probability of a predator finding a new prey patch. Variation in response to herbivore-induced plant volatiles may lead to different foraging decisions among individuals, thereby affecting both within-patch dynamics and between-patch dispersal. We found significant phenotypic and additive genetic variation in two behavioral assays of response to herbivore-induced plant volatiles among inbred isofemale lines of the predatory mite, Phytoseiulus persimilis. In wind-tunnel tests to measure patch residence time, adult female predators from certain lines left prey patches sooner than others when a distant source of herbivore-induced plant volatiles was presented; whereas such variation disappeared when no distant volatiles were presented. In a measure of patch location, certain lines were more likely than others to locate a prey-infested leaf disc; again there was no difference when uninfested leaf discs were used. Patch location was negatively correlated with patch residence. That is, lines that were more likely to leave a prey patch in the presence of distant volatiles were also more likely to find an odor source (ie, prey patch) from a distance of 20 cm. These two foraging-related behaviors are heritable. A continuous distribution of both behaviors indicated that several to many loci may be responsible for these behavioral traits. Our line-crossing experiments suggested that maternal influence could be excluded. Substantial phenotypic variation in two other foraging-related traits, consumption and oviposition, were also detected among inbred lines. Consumption and oviposition were positively correlated; however, the relationship (slope) varied among inbred lines, suggesting that predatory mites vary in food conversion efficiency. A relationship was detected between patch residence and consumption. Patch location, as one important foraging trait, appeared to be negatively related to consumption, suggesting a trade-off between searching for patches and reproduction.