The International Conference on “Heterosis in Plants”
The International Conference on “Heterosis in Plants”
复制标题
“植物杂种优势”国际会议
DOI：
10.1007/s00122-009-1211-2
复制
发表时间：
2010
影响因子：
5.4
通讯作者：
Albrecht E. Melchinger
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Albrecht E. Melchinger
通过开发和培育杂交品种对杂种优势或杂种优势进行商业开发是植物育种领域的里程碑式成就之一。自从100年前乔治·H·舒尔发表两篇开创性著作，科学描述了杂种优势，为现代玉米杂交育种奠定了基础以来，杂种优势在作物和树种上的开发大大扩展，杂交品种的种植面积稳步增加。因此，杂交育种在满足世界迅速增长的人口的粮食、饲料和纤维需求方面做出了值得称道的贡献，并使农民和消费者受益。它还促进了可行的种子工业的发展，这对植物育种研究产生了巨大的刺激。杂种优势的压倒性重要性吸引了许多科学家研究这种独特现象的潜在遗传原因。不同学科生成并分析了大量数据集。为了汇编和讨论所积累的信息，过去曾组织过两次国际会议：第一次会议于 1950 年在艾姆斯的爱荷华州立学院举行，持续了 4 周。第二次会议于 1997 年由 CIMMYT 在墨西哥城举办。这两次会议都被证明是杂种优势研究及其在植物育种中的应用的里程碑。
The commercial exploitation of heterosis or hybrid vigor through the development and cultivation of hybrid cultivars is one of the landmark achievements in plant breeding. Ever since the two pioneering publications by George H. Shull 100 years ago, in which he scientifically described heterosis and laid the foundation of modern hybrid breeding in maize, the exploitation of heterosis in crop and tree species has greatly expanded and the acreage under hybrid cultivars has steadily increased. Thus, hybrid breeding has made commendable contributions in meeting the food, feed, and fiber needs of the burgeoning population of the world, and benefitted farmers and consumers. It also promoted the development of a viable seed industry, which was a tremendous stimulus for the research in plant breeding.The overwhelming importance of heterosis attracted many scientists to study the underlying genetic causes of this unique phenomenon. Vast data sets were generated and analyzed in different disciplines. To compile and discuss the accumulated information, two international conferences were organized in the past: The first conference was held in 1950 at Iowa State College in Ames and lasted for 4 weeks. The second conference was organized in 1997 by CIMMYT in Mexico City. Both conferences proved to be landmarks in research on heterosis and its exploitation in plant breeding.