The MASSIVE Survey. XV. A Stellar Dynamical Mass Measurement of the Supermassive Black Hole in Massive Elliptical Galaxy NGC 1453
The MASSIVE Survey. XV. A Stellar Dynamical Mass Measurement of the Supermassive Black Hole in Massive Elliptical Galaxy NGC 1453
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DOI：
10.3847/1538-4357/ab6f71
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发表时间：
2020-01
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Christopher M. Liepold;Matthew E. Quenneville;Chung-Pei Ma;J. Walsh;N. McConnell;J. Greene;J. Blakeslee
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Christopher M. Liepold;Matthew E. Quenneville;Chung-Pei Ma;J. Walsh;N. McConnell;J. Greene;J. Blakeslee
本文对NGC 1453中的超大质量黑洞进行了新的恒星动力学质量测量。利用Gemini-North GMOS积分场摄谱仪（IFS）的高信噪比（S/N ≥ 130）光谱，对银河系中心1.5kpc × 2kpc区域的135个空间仓中的恒星运动学进行了测量。结合从哈勃空间望远镜广角相机3图像中获得的2003有效半径的宽场IFS运动学和恒星光分布，我们在轴对称极限下进行基于史瓦西轨道的质量建模，以约束NGC 1453中的质量分量。最适合的黑洞质量是;没有中心黑洞的质量模型在8.7σ水平被排除。NGC 1453黑洞位于SMBH和星系标度关系的内在散射内，不像MASSIVE样本中的其他三个拥有SMBH的星系。高S/N GMOS谱使我们能够确定视线速度分布（LOSVD）的高斯-厄米展开的八个矩，这些矩用作轨道建模中的约束。质量模型中的恒星轨道被进一步限制为产生可忽略的h9到h12，以最大限度地减少LOSVD中的虚假行为。我们表明，截断系列在h4，在以前的工作中经常做的，导致一个弱得多的约束推断NGC 1453。此外，我们讨论了预防措施和修改，需要实现轴对称的三轴轨道代码，使用史瓦西方法采样的起始空间的恒星轨道在三轴引力势。
We present a new stellar dynamical mass measurement ( ) of the supermassive black hole (SMBH) in NGC 1453, a fast-rotating massive elliptical galaxy in the MASSIVE survey. We measure stellar kinematics in 135 spatial bins in the central 1.5 kpc × 2 kpc region of the galaxy using high signal-to-noise ratio (S/N ∼ 130) spectra from the Gemini-North GMOS integral field spectrograph (IFS). Combining with wide-field IFS kinematics out to ∼3 effective radii and stellar light distributions from Hubble Space Telescope Wide Field Camera 3 images, we perform Schwarzschild orbit-based mass modeling in the axisymmetric limit to constrain the mass components in NGC 1453. The best-fit black hole mass is ; the mass models without a central black hole are excluded at the 8.7σ level. The NGC 1453 black hole lies within the intrinsic scatter of the SMBH and galaxy scaling relations, unlike three other galaxies hosting SMBHs in the MASSIVE sample. The high-S/N GMOS spectra enable us to determine eight moments of the Gauss–Hermite expansion of the line-of-sight velocity distributions (LOSVDs), which are used as constraints in the orbit modeling. The stellar orbits in the mass models are further constrained to produce negligible h9 through h12 to minimize spurious behavior in the LOSVDs. We show that truncating the series at h4, as was often done in prior work, leads to a much weaker constraint on the inferred for NGC 1453. Furthermore, we discuss precautions and modifications that are needed to achieve axisymmetry in triaxial orbit codes that use the Schwarzschild method to sample the start space of stellar orbits in triaxial gravitational potentials.