Optical quantum super-resolution imaging and hypothesis testing.

Optical quantum super-resolution imaging and hypothesis testing.
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DOI:
10.1038/s41467-022-32977-8
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发表时间:
2022-09-13
影响因子:
16.6
通讯作者:
--
中科院分区:
综合性期刊1区
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估计两个非相干热源之间的角间距对于直接成像是一项具有挑战性的任务,特别是在衍射极限内的长度处。此外,检测不同亮度的多个光源的存在是一个更严峻的挑战。我们实验证明了两个任务的超分辨率成像的假设检验和量子计量技术的基础上。我们可以显着降低错误的概率检测一个弱的二次源,即使是小的分离。我们将实验的复杂性降低到一个简单的干涉仪:我们表明(1)我们的设置对于状态鉴别任务是最佳的,(2)如果两个光源同样明亮,那么这种测量可以超分辨它们的角间距。使用5.3 mm的收集基线,我们以1.7%的准确度解决了两个相距15 μm的源的角间距,距离为1.0 m-与散粒噪声限制的直接成像相比,几乎提高了3个数量级。在衍射极限以下估计两个非相干源之间的角分离是具有挑战性的。利用假设检验和量子态鉴别技术,用一个简单的光学干涉仪对不同亮度的光源进行超分辨。
Estimating the angular separation between two incoherent thermal sources is a challenging task for direct imaging, especially at lengths within the diffraction limit. Moreover, detecting the presence of multiple sources of different brightness is an even more severe challenge. We experimentally demonstrate two tasks for super-resolution imaging based on hypothesis testing and quantum metrology techniques. We can significantly reduce the error probability for detecting a weak secondary source, even for small separations. We reduce the experimental complexity to a simple interferometer: we show (1) our set-up is optimal for the state discrimination task, and (2) if the two sources are equally bright, then this measurement can super-resolve their angular separation. Using a collection baseline of 5.3 mm, we resolve the angular separation of two sources placed 15 μm apart at a distance of 1.0 m with a 1.7% accuracy - an almost 3-orders-of-magnitude improvement over shot-noise limited direct imaging. Estimating the angular separation between two incoherent sources below the diffraction limit is challenging. Hypothesis testing and quantum state discrimination techniques are used to super-resolve sources of different brightness with a simple optical interferometer.
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