Nutrigenomics and immune function in fish: new insights from omics technologies.
Nutrigenomics and immune function in fish: new insights from omics technologies.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.dci.2017.02.024
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发表时间：
2017-10
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Król E
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Martin SAM;Król E
营养和免疫系统之间的相互作用已得到充分认识，但营养、动物能量状态和免疫功能之间研究的真正整合仍远未明确。在鱼类营养方面，特别是对于水产养殖的物种来说，配合饲料与天然饮食有显着不同，最近营养来源发生了变化，特别是蛋白质和油源现在以陆地来源成分为主。此外，许多饲料现已纳入健康管理并被称为功能性饲料，它们被认为可以改善鱼类健康，减少疾病爆发和/或改善感染后恢复。利用转录组学（微阵列和 RNA 测序）和蛋白质组学等新组学技术，营养对免疫系统的影响变得更加清晰。通过使用分子途径富集分析，基因模块可以指示局部（肠道）和全身免疫功能如何改变。尽管在定义宿主免疫功能的变化方面已经取得了巨大进展，但对鱼类营养、肠道微生物组和免疫系统之间相互作用的了解才刚刚开始。营养对鱼类的健康和免疫力有直接影响。组学技术对于理解饮食和免疫相互作用至关重要。组学方法有助于提高水产养殖饲料的功能性和可持续性。未来的研究应该集中在微生物群、早期生活经历和适应性免疫上。
The interplay between nutrition and immune system is well recognised, however the true integration of research between nutrition, animal energy status and immune function is still far from clear. In fish nutrition, especially for species maintained in aquaculture, formulated feeds are significantly different from the natural diet with recent changes in nutrient sources, especially with protein and oil sources now being predominated by terrestrial derived ingredients. Additionally, many feeds are now incorporated to health management and termed functional feeds, which are believed to improve fish health, reduce disease outbreaks and/or improve post-infection recovery. Using new omics technologies, including transcriptomics (microarray and RNA-seq) and proteomics, the impacts of nutrition on the immune system is becoming clearer. By using molecular pathway enrichment analysis, modules of genes can indicate how both local (intestinal) and systemic immune function are being altered. Although great progress has been made to define the changes in host immune function, understanding the interplay between fish nutrition, intestinal microbiome and immune system is only just beginning to emerge. Nutrition has direct impacts on fish health and immunity. Omics technologies are essential for understanding diet and immunity interactions. Omics approaches help to improve functionality and sustainability of aquaculture feeds. Future research should focus on microbiota, early life experience and adaptive immunity.