National identifications and attitudes to national ingroups and outgroups amongst children living in the Basque country
National identifications and attitudes to national ingroups and outgroups amongst children living in the Basque country
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生活在巴斯克地区的儿童对民族内群体和外群体的民族认同和态度
DOI：
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发表时间：
2004
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
M. Barrett
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Luixa Reizabal;Jose F. Valencia;M. Barrett
本研究调查了生长在巴斯克地区的儿童的民族认同发展情况。样本包括246名6、9、12和15岁的儿童，他们属于三个语言亚组：在家中与父母只说巴斯克语的儿童，在家中只说西班牙语的儿童，以及在家中既说巴斯克语又说西班牙语的儿童。研究发现，民族认同在三个语言亚群中存在差异。此外，这三个分组对国家内部群体和一些国家外部群体表现出不同的评价和感受。归因于巴斯克人和西班牙人民族的积极和情感独特性分别与对巴斯克人和西班牙人的认同感的强弱相关。这些儿童对国家外群体的态度没有表现出任何随着年龄的变化。本文认为，认知发展理论对民族态度发展的解释不能解释研究结果的模式，但社会认同理论可以解释民族认同强度与归因于内部群体的积极和情感独特性之间的相关性。版权所有(C)2003 John Wiley Sons，Ltd.
This study investigated the development of national identification in children growing up in the Basque Country. The sample consisted of 246 children aged 6, 9, 12 and 15 years old who belonged to three linguistic subgroups: children who spoke only Basque with their parents in their home, children who spoke only Spanish in their home, and children who spoke both Basque and Spanish in their home. It was found that national identifications differed in the three linguistic subgroups. Furthermore, the three subgroups exhibited different evaluations of, and feelings towards, the national ingroup and a number of national outgroups. The positive and affective distinctiveness ascribed to the Basque and Spanish national groups was correlated with the strength of identification with the Basque and Spanish groups, respectively. The attitudes towards national outgroups which were exhibited by these children did not show any changes as a function of age. It is argued that the cognitive-developmental account of the development of national attitudes is unable to explain the patterns of findings which were obtained, but that social identity theory can explain the correlation between the strength of national identification and the positive and affective distinctiveness which was ascribed to the ingroup. Copyright (C) 2003 John Wiley Sons, Ltd.