Carbon inequality and economic development across the Belt and Road regions
Carbon inequality and economic development across the Belt and Road regions
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碳不平等与“一带一路”地区经济发展
DOI：
10.1016/j.jenvman.2020.110250
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发表时间：
2020-05-15
影响因子：
8.7
通讯作者：
Meng, Jing
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Han, Mengyao;Lao, Junming;Meng, Jing
鉴于将全球变暖控制在2摄氏度以下的目标，减少碳排放已成为全球的首要任务。由于“一带一路”倡议对以制造业为主的发展中国家的影响越来越大，因此应更多关注这些地区的碳减排。本研究从碳不平等和区域发展两个方面进行综合分析，比较了1990 - 2015年“一带一路”沿线国家和非“一带一路”沿线国家最终需求驱动下的碳排放量。研究发现，“一带一路”沿线大部分地区的GDP增长速度较快，碳排放量增加，其中投资驱动型增长明显。相比之下，“一带一路”以外的发达国家在保持经济增长的同时，由于投资驱动的排放下降，碳排放有所减少;但消费驱动的排放稳定保持在较高水平。研究结果表明，“一带一路”区域内碳排放的不平等性低于全球平均水平，而投资驱动型碳排放的不平等性则呈现出明显的上升趋势。通过对碳不平等与区域发展的讨论，提出了“一带一路”内外国家和地区合理可行的碳减排战略，并提出了“一带一路”下区域碳减排和区域可持续发展的低碳技术转让、海外金融合作等不同类型的战略建议。
Given the aim of maintaining global warming below 2 degrees C, carbon emission reduction has become a global top priority. Since the Belt and Road Initiative has increasing influence on manufacturing-oriented developing countries, more attention should be paid to carbon emission reduction in these regions. This study conducts a comprehensive analysis by analyzing the carbon inequality and regional development and compares the carbon emissions driven by final demand among countries in and outside the Belt and Road area from 1990 to 2015. It is found that the majority of the Belt and Road regions achieved a rapid GDP growth rate with increasing carbon emissions, in which the investment-driven type demonstrated a significant growth. In contrast, the developed countries outside the Belt and Road area maintained their economic growth while decreasing the carbon emissions owed to the declining of investment-driven emissions; however the consumption-driven emissions stably remained a relatively high level. Our results showed that the inequality of carbon emission within Belt and Road regions is lower than the global average, while the inequality of the investment-driven emissions showed an obviously increasing trend. By discussing the carbon inequality and regional development, rational and feasible strategies for countries and regions within and outside the Belt and Road area are essential, and different types of strategies such as low-carbon technologies transfers and overseas financial cooperation are suggested for regional carbon emission reduction and sustainable regional development under the Belt and Road Initiative.