Comparison of Hemodynamic Responses in the Prefrontal Cortex According to Differences in Self-Efficacy
Comparison of Hemodynamic Responses in the Prefrontal Cortex According to Differences in Self-Efficacy
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DOI：
10.1177/1099800417706141
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发表时间：
2017-04
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
Kazuki Hirao
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Kazuki Hirao
尽管自我效能感已广泛应用于护理领域（例如，作为护理干预的结果衡量标准），但其基本性质却知之甚少。研究自我效能感与大脑激活之间的关系将有助于解释自我效能感的基本性质。在这项研究中，我们比较了 89 名本科生的近红外光谱 (NIRS) 测量的前额叶激活情况，根据一般自我效能感量表得分分为三组：低自我效能 (n = 59)、中等自我效能 (n = 17) 和高自我效能 (n = 13)。使用双通道 NIRS 评估言语流畅性任务期间前额皮质 (PFC) 血红蛋白水平的变化。通过方差分析观察到左 PFC (LPFC) 的氧合血红蛋白 (oxy-Hb) 水平存在显着差异。事后图基检验显示，仅低自我效能组和中等自我效能组之间存在显着差异。我们发现，对于 LPFC 氧-Hb 水平的变化，中等自我效能组与低自我效能组的组间效应大小为中等（d = .78；效应大小的 95% 置信区间 [0.22, 1.33]）。右侧 PFC 的氧合血红蛋白变化没有观察到显着的组间差异。结果表明，低自我效能组的左前额叶激活程度低于中等自我效能组。这些发现提供了支持自我效能基本性质的证据。
Although self-efficacy has been used extensively in the field of nursing (e.g., as an outcome measure of nursing interventions), its underlying nature is poorly understood. Investigation of the relationship between self-efficacy and brain activation will help explain the fundamental nature of self-efficacy. In this study, we compared prefrontal activation measured with near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) across 89 undergraduate students categorized into three groups based on their General Self-Efficacy Scale scores: low self-efficacy (n = 59), moderate self-efficacy (n = 17), and high self-efficacy (n = 13). Changes in the hemoglobin levels of the prefrontal cortex (PFC) during a verbal fluency task were assessed using two-channel NIRS. Significant differences in the oxygenated hemoglobin (oxy-Hb) level of the left PFC (LPFC) were observed via analysis of variance. Post hoc Tukey’s test showed a significant difference only between low self-efficacy and moderate self-efficacy groups. We found a medium between-group effect size in the moderate self-efficacy group versus the low self-efficacy group for the changes in oxy-Hb levels of the LPFC (d = .78; 95% confidence interval for effect size [0.22, 1.33]). No significant between-group differences were observed with respect to changes in the oxy-Hb in the right PFC. The results indicate less left prefrontal activation in the low self-efficacy group than in the moderate self-efficacy group. These findings provide evidence to support the fundamental nature of self-efficacy.