Relationships between Vacant Homes and Food Swamps: A Longitudinal Study of an Urban Food Environment.
Relationships between Vacant Homes and Food Swamps: A Longitudinal Study of an Urban Food Environment.
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DOI：
10.3390/ijerph14111426
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发表时间：
2017-11-21
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Gittelsohn J
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Mui Y;Jones-Smith JC;Thornton RLJ;Pollack Porter K;Gittelsohn J
研究表明，居住在高度集中的空置房屋的社区与癌症和糖尿病导致的过早死亡有关，但这种关系的机制尚不清楚。用木板加固的住房可能会影响居民的食物环境，从而间接影响居民的健康。我们评估了空置率变化与不健康食品店密度变化之间的关联，作为所有食品店的比例，称为食品沼泽指数，在巴尔的摩，MD（美国）从2001年到2012年，使用邻域固定效应线性回归模型。在研究期间，所有社区的平均食物沼泽指数从93.5增加到95.3个百分点。在非非洲裔美国人社区中，在考虑社区社会经济地位、种族多样性和人口规模的变化后，空置率的增加与食物沼泽指数的统计学显著下降相关（B = −0.38; 90% CI，−0.64至−0.12; p值：0.015）。在低社会经济地位社区中发现了正相关（B = 0.15; 90% CI，0.037至0.27; p值：0.031）。空置的房屋可能会影响城市社区食品店的组成。未来的研究应该进一步阐明更远的背景因素（如用木板封住的空置房屋）可能影响食物选择和饮食相关健康结果的机制。
Research indicates that living in neighborhoods with high concentrations of boarded-up vacant homes is associated with premature mortality due to cancer and diabetes, but the mechanism for this relationship is unclear. Boarded-up housing may indirectly impact residents’ health by affecting their food environment. We evaluated the association between changes in vacancy rates and changes in the density of unhealthy food outlets as a proportion of all food outlets, termed the food swamp index, in Baltimore, MD (USA) from 2001 to 2012, using neighborhood fixed-effects linear regression models. Over the study period, the average food swamp index increased from 93.5 to 95.3 percentage points across all neighborhoods. Among non-African American neighborhoods, increases in the vacancy rate were associated with statistically significant decreases in the food swamp index (b = −0.38; 90% CI, −0.64 to −0.12; p-value: 0.015), after accounting for changes in neighborhood SES, racial diversity, and population size. A positive association was found among low-SES neighborhoods (b = 0.15; 90% CI, 0.037 to 0.27; p-value: 0.031). Vacant homes may influence the composition of food outlets in urban neighborhoods. Future research should further elucidate the mechanisms by which more distal, contextual factors, such as boarded-up vacant homes, may affect food choices and diet-related health outcomes.
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