Functional evaluation of autism-associated mutations in NHE9.
Functional evaluation of autism-associated mutations in NHE9.
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DOI:
10.1038/ncomms3510
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发表时间:
2013
影响因子:
16.6
通讯作者:
Rao, Rajini
中科院分区:
文献类型:
--
作者:
Kondapalli, Kalyan C.;Hack, Anniesha;Schushan, Maya;Landau, Meytal;Ben-Tal, Nir;Rao, Rajini
NHE9 (SLC9A9) is an endosomal cation/proton antiporter with orthologs in yeast and bacteria. Rare, missense substitutions in NHE9 are genetically linked with autism, but have not been functionally evaluated. Here we use evolutionary conservation analysis to build a model-structure of NHE9 based on the crystal structure of bacterial NhaA and use it to screen autism-associated variants in the human population first by phenotype complementation in yeast, followed by functional analysis in primary cortical astrocytes from mouse. NHE9-GFP localizes to recycling endosomes where it significantly alkalinizes luminal pH, elevates uptake of transferrin and the neurotransmitter glutamate, and stabilizes surface expression of transferrin receptor and GLAST transporter. In contrast, autism associated variants L236S, S438P and V176I lack function in astrocytes. Thus, we establish a neurobiological cell model of a candidate gene in autism. Loss of function mutations in NHE9 may contribute to autistic phenotype by modulating synaptic membrane protein expression and neurotransmitter clearance.
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