Marijuana use trajectories during college predict health outcomes nine years post-matriculation.
Marijuana use trajectories during college predict health outcomes nine years post-matriculation.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2015.12.009
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发表时间：
2016-02-01
影响因子：
4.2
通讯作者：
O'Grady KE
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Arria AM;Caldeira KM;Bugbee BA;Vincent KB;O'Grady KE
几项研究已将吸食大麻与年轻人的各种健康结果联系起来。迫切需要有关大麻对健康的长期影响的信息。数据来自一项对 1,253 名年轻人进行的为期十年的研究，这些年轻人最初被招募为大学一年级学生，此后每年进行一次评估。大学期间吸食大麻的六种轨迹（不使用、低稳定、早期衰退、大学高峰、晚期增加、慢性）先前是使用潜在变量增长混合模型得出的。第 10 年（最常见年龄 27 岁）评估的九项健康结果根据六组轨迹的组成员变量进行回归，保持恒定的人口统计数据、基线健康状况以及酒精和烟草轨迹组成员资格。大麻轨迹组在九个结果中的七个（由于受伤、疾病或情绪问题导致的功能障碍；心理困扰；主观幸福感；以及精神和身体健康服务利用；所有 ps<.001）上存在显着差异，但在一般健康评级或体重指数上没有显着差异。在大多数身心健康结果上，非使用者的表现比晚增组和慢性组要好。衰退组（早期衰退组、大学高峰期）在心理健康结果方面比慢性组表现得更好。后期增加组在身体和心理健康结果方面均明显差于稳定组（不使用、低稳定、慢性）。即使偶尔或限时吸食大麻也可能对身心健康产生不利影响，这种影响可能会在几年的节制或戒断后持续存在。减少大麻使用频率可能会减轻这种影响。在二十岁出头增加大麻使用的个人可能面临特别高的不良后果风险。
Several studies have linked marijuana use with a variety of health outcomes among young adults. Information about marijuana’s long-term health effects is critically needed. Data are from a ten-year study of 1,253 young adults originally recruited as first-year college students and assessed annually thereafter. Six trajectories of marijuana use during college (Non-Use, Low-Stable, Early-Decline, College-Peak, Late-Increase, Chronic) were previously derived using latent variable growth mixture modeling. Nine health outcomes assessed in Year 10 (modal age 27) were regressed on a group membership variable for the six group trajectories, holding constant demographics, baseline health status, and alcohol and tobacco trajectory group membership. Marijuana trajectory groups differed significantly on seven of the nine outcomes (functional impairment due to injury, illness, or emotional problems; psychological distress; subjective well-being; and mental and physical health service utilization; all ps<.001), but not on general health rating or body mass index. Non-Users fared better than the Late-Increase and Chronic groups on most physical and mental health outcomes. The declining groups (Early-Decline, College-Peak) fared better than the Chronic group on mental health outcomes. The Late-Increase group fared significantly worse than the stable groups (Non-Use, Low-Stable, Chronic) on both physical and mental health outcomes. Even occasional or time-limited marijuana use might have adverse effects on physical and mental health, perhaps enduring after several years of moderation or abstinence. Reducing marijuana use frequency might mitigate such effects. Individuals who escalate their marijuana use in their early twenties might be at especially high risk for adverse outcomes.