Nuclear Techniques in National Security Studies on Contraband Detection
Nuclear Techniques in National Security Studies on Contraband Detection
复制标题
核技术在国家安全违禁品侦查研究中的应用
DOI：
10.1007/s10967-005-0031-3
复制
发表时间：
2005
影响因子：
1.6
通讯作者：
H. J. Kim
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
G. Miley;L. Wu;H. J. Kim
联邦辐射监测和评估中心（FRMAC）由联邦辐射应急响应计划授权，在美国发生重大辐射紧急情况时协调所有对州和地方政府的场外辐射响应援助。FRMAC是由美国能源部、国家核安全管理局建立的，目的是协调所有参与开展辐射环境监测、采样、辐射分析、质量保证和剂量评估等综合项目的联邦资产。在应急响应期间，最初的分析数据由便携式现场仪器提供。随着事件响应人员根据事件的严重性扩大响应规模，本地分析资产和移动实验室增加了额外的能力和容量。在响应的中间阶段，数据质量目标和度量质量目标更加严格。这些更高的目标将需要使用更大的实验室，具有更大的能力和增强的能力。这些实验室可能在地理上远离事故，这将增加样品管理的挑战。本文论述了应急辐射分析能力和能力及其在FRMAC运行中的应用。
SummaryThe Federal Radiological Monitoring and Assessment Center (FRMAC) is authorized by the Federal Radiological Emergency Response Plan to coordinate all off-site radiological response assistance to state and local governments, in the event of a major radiological emergency in the United States. The FRMAC is established by the U.S. Department of Energy, National Nuclear Security Administration, to coordinate all Federal assets involved in conducting a comprehensive program of radiological environmental monitoring, sampling, radioanalysis, quality assurance, and dose assessment. During an emergency response, the initial analytical data is provided by portable field instrumentation. As incident responders scale up their response based on the seriousness of the incident, local analytical assets and mobile laboratories add additional capability and capacity. During the intermediate phase of the response, data quality objectives and measurement quality objectives are more rigorous. These higher objectives will require the use of larger laboratories, with greater capacity and enhanced capabilities. These labs may be geographically distant from the incident, which will increase sample management challenges. This paper addresses emergency radioanalytical capability and capacity and its utilization during FRMAC operations.