Pre- and post-harvest processing of medicinal plants
Pre- and post-harvest processing of medicinal plants
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DOI：
10.1079/pgr200569
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发表时间：
2005-08-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Clausen, Ed
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Tanko, Hakibu;Carrier, Danielle Julie;Clausen, Ed
草药在世界范围内被用作唯一的治疗方法或作为综合治疗计划的一部分，与正统的诊断和治疗方法一起使用。一项调查报告称，在美国，近六分之一的女性在2000年至少服用一种草药产品。尽管草药被广泛使用，但许多报告显示，消费者可获得的草药产品质量参差不齐。草药制剂质量的差异可以归因于它们的生产复杂。为了生产高质量的草药产品，除其他外，必须注意植物品种、器官特异性、生长阶段、栽培参数、微生物和化学制剂的污染、替代、合成药物掺假、重金属污染、储存和提取等引起的植物化学变化。本文就其器官特异性、季节变化、干燥和贮藏的影响以及植物化学成分的提取等方面进行了综述。特别强调了美国最常用的四种草药产品：紫锥菊、银杏叶、人参和圣约翰草。
Herbal medicine is used worldwide either as a sole treatment method or as part of a comprehensive treatment plan alongside orthodox methods of diagnosis and treatment. A survey reported that, in the USA, nearly one-sixth of women took at least one herbal product in 2000. Despite their widespread use, numerous reports show that the herbal products available to consumers are of variable quality. This disparity in quality of herbal preparations can be attributed to the fact that their production is complicated. To produce high-quality herbal products, attention must be paid to, among others, phytochemical variations due to plant breed, organ specificity, stages of growth, cultivation parameters, contamination by microbial and chemical agents, substitution, adulteration with synthetic drugs, heavy metal contamination, storage and extraction. This review focuses on organ specificity, seasonal variations, the effect of drying and storage, and the extraction of phytochemical constituents. Special emphasis is placed on the four most frequently used herbal products in the USA: echinacea, Ginkgo biloba, ginseng and St John's Wort.