Fear, stress, and feather pecking in commercial white and brown laying hen parent-stock flocks and their relationships with production parameters
Fear, stress, and feather pecking in commercial white and brown laying hen parent-stock flocks and their relationships with production parameters
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DOI：
10.3382/ps.2012-02996
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发表时间：
2013-09-01
期刊：
影响因子：
4.4
通讯作者：
Rodenburg, T. B.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
de Haas, E. N.;Kemp, B.;Rodenburg, T. B.
关于蛋鸡亲本群体福利性状与生产性能之间的关系，目前还知之甚少。在商业蛋鸡和纯种母鸡中，众所周知，与福利减少相关的方面，如高度恐惧、压力和啄羽毛可能会对生产产生负面影响。由于PS母鸡的饲养条件与商业蛋鸡不同，福利性状与生产之间的关系可能会有所不同。因此，我们研究了10只Dekalb White(DW)和10只ISA Brown(ISA)商业PS鸡对静止的人(SP)和新物体(NO)的恐惧反应，基础血浆皮质酮(Cort)和全血5-羟色胺(5-HT)水平，以及羽毛损伤作为啄羽的替代指标，并将这些与生产数据相关联。由于福利性状和产量之间的关系可能因遗传来源和群体规模而不同，因此我们也评估了基因和群体规模效应。与ISA鸟类相比，DeKalb White鸟类更害怕SP，羽毛损伤更多，5-羟色胺水平更低。CORT的基因分型没有差异。较大的群体规模(n>；5,000)与ISA鸡的低采食量和较好的饲料转化率有关。对于DW鸡群，对NO的高度恐惧与低体重、低蛋重和低饲料摄入量有关。对于ISA群体，对SP的高度恐惧与高死亡率相关。对于这两个品系来说，高皮质醇与低蛋重有关。这是第一项将恐惧和皮质醇水平与商业PS鸡群的生产联系起来的研究。PS群的管理应考虑到品种差异、群体规模效应和人与鸟相互作用的影响。需要进一步的研究来确定恐惧、皮质醇、5-羟色胺和羽毛损伤对其后代发育的影响。
Little is known about the relationship between welfare traits and production in laying hen parent stock (PS). In commercial laying hens and pure lines, it is known that aspects associated with reduced welfare such as high fear, stress, and feather pecking can have negative effects on production. Because PS hens are housed under different conditions than commercial laying hens, the relationship between welfare traits and production may differ. We therefore studied the fear response to a stationary person (SP) and novel object (NO), basal plasma corticosterone (CORT) and whole-blood serotonin levels (5-HT), and feather damage as a proxy for feather pecking in 10 Dekalb White (DW) and 10 ISA Brown (ISA) commercial PS flocks and related these to production data. Because the relationship between welfare traits and production may differ by genetic origin and group size, we also assessed genotype and group size effects. Dekalb White birds were more fearful of a SP, and had more feather damage and lower 5-HT levels than ISA birds. Genotypes did not differ in CORT. A large group size (n > 5,000) was associated with low feed intake and better feed conversion for ISA flocks. For DW flocks, high fear of the NO was associated with low BW, low egg weight, and low feed intake. For ISA flocks, high fear of the SP was associated with high mortality. For both lines, high CORT was related to low egg weight. This is the first study to associate levels of fear and CORT to production in commercial PS flocks. Management of PS flocks should take into account breed differences, group size effects, and effects of human-bird interactions. Further research is needed to determine the effects of fear, CORT, 5-HT, and feather damage in commercial PS flocks on the development of their offspring.