Percolation Transitions in Urban Mobility Networks in America's 50 Largest Cities
Percolation Transitions in Urban Mobility Networks in America's 50 Largest Cities
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DOI：
10.1016/j.scs.2023.104435
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发表时间：
2023-01
影响因子：
11.7
通讯作者：
Ruoxi Wang;Wang Qi;Nan Li
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Ruoxi Wang;Wang Qi;Nan Li
城市交通可能会受到各种极端事件的严重干扰。这些中断威胁到城市空间连通性，并影响人们获得各种基本服务的能力。准确表征和及时预警城市交通网络的关键转变有助于减轻上述风险。然而，缺乏一种方法来表征城市交通网络的临界过渡状态，并在极端事件中对其过渡进行预警。不同城市间被打乱的移动网络特征的普遍性是另一个尚未得到充分探索的基本问题。通过挖掘大地理数据，构建了美国50个人口最多的大都市统计区（msa）的交通网络，并通过网络渗透分析研究了其中断模式。我们发现所有的移动网络在达到一个普遍的临界阈值时都经历了突变，在这个阈值处，社区的巨大组成部分突然崩溃并分解成小集群。通过分析邻域聚类分布，我们还开发了一个指标，该指标近似于移动网络距离临界阈值的距离，并提供其临界过渡的早期预警。我们的研究结果为城市的流动性和邻里连通性提供了见解，可以为交通管理、疫情控制和紧急疏散提供指导。
Urban mobility can be significantly disrupted by various extreme events. The disruptions threaten urban spatial connectivity and affect people's ability to access various essential services. Accurate characterization and timely alert of the critical transitions of urban mobility networks can help mitigate the above risks. However, there lacks an approach to characterize the critical transition state of urban mobility networks and warn their transitions during extreme events. The universality of the characteristics of disrupted mobility networks across different cities is another fundamental question that remains underexplored. By mining big geodata, we construct the mobility networks of the 50 most populous Metropolitan Statistical Areas (MSAs) in the U.S., and study their disruption patterns by conducting network percolation analysis. We find that all mobility networks experience abrupt transitions when reaching a universal critical threshold, at which the giant components of neighborhoods suddenly collapse and dissolve into small clusters. We also develop an indicator, by analyzing the neighborhood cluster distributions, that approximates how far a mobility network is to the critical threshold and provides an early warning of its critical transition. Our findings provide insights into mobility and neighborhood connectivity in cities, which can provide guidance for transportation management, epidemic control, and emergency evacuation.