SOCIOECONOMIC INDICATORS, TOBACCO AND ALCOHOL IN THE ETIOLOGY OF DIGESTIVE-TRACT NEOPLASMS
SOCIOECONOMIC INDICATORS, TOBACCO AND ALCOHOL IN THE ETIOLOGY OF DIGESTIVE-TRACT NEOPLASMS
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DOI：
10.1093/ije/18.3.556
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发表时间：
1989-09-01
影响因子：
7.7
通讯作者：
FRANCESCHI, S
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
FERRARONI, M;NEGRI, E;FRANCESCHI, S
对50例口腔癌或咽癌、209例食道癌、397例胃癌、455例结肠癌、295例直肠癌、151例肝脏癌、214例胰腺癌，以及共1944例因急性、非肿瘤性或消化道疾病入院的对照受试者进行病例对照研究，分析受教育程度、社会阶层、吸烟习惯、饮酒与消化道肿瘤风险之间的关系。口腔癌、咽喉癌、食道癌和胃癌与受教育程度呈负相关，受教育程度最高的癌症的患病风险估计在0.2到0.4之间。直肠癌和肝癌之间也存在显著但较弱的负相关，而受教育程度越高的人患结肠癌的风险越高。教育程度和胰腺癌之间没有关系。当以户主的职业作为社会阶层的指标时，风险模式在很大程度上具有可比性。吸烟（以及烟斗或雪茄）与口腔癌、咽喉癌和食道癌之间存在着强烈的直接联系，中等程度的癌症与胰腺癌之间存在着直接联系，但其他部位都与吸烟习惯无关。口腔癌、咽喉癌和食道癌也与饮酒独立且密切相关，而酒精与肝癌或胰腺癌之间的关联则是中度且不显著的。胃癌、结肠癌和直肠癌与饮酒量无关。
The relationship between education, social class, smoking habits, alcohol consumption and the risk of digestive tract neoplasms was analysed in a case-control study of 50 cases of cancer of the mouth or pharynx, 209 of the oesophagus, 397 of the stomach, 455 of the colon, 295 of the rectum, 151 of the liver, 214 of the pancreas, and a total of 1944 control subjects admitted for acute, non-neoplastic or digestive tract disorders. Cancers of the mouth or pharynx, oesophagus and stomach were inversely and strongly related to education, with risk estimates ranging between 0.2 and 0.4 for the highest education categories. Significant, but weaker inverse relations were evident for rectal and liver cancer, too, whereas the risk of colon cancer was elevated among more educated individuals. There was no relationship between education and pancreatic cancer. The pattern of risk was largely comparable when the head of the household''s occupation was used as indicator of social class. There were strong direct associations between cigarette (as well as pipe or cigar) smoking and cancers of the mouth or pharynx and oesophagus, and a moderate one with pancreatic cancer, but none of the other sites considered was related to smoking habits. Cancers of the mouth or pharynx and oesophagus were independently and strongly related to alcohol consumption, too, while the associations between alcohol and liver or pancreatic cancer were moderate and not significant. Cancers of the stomach, colon and rectum were unrelated to measures of alcohol consumption.