Does the Sex of Your Children Matter? Support for Feminism among Women and Men in the United States and Canada.
Does the Sex of Your Children Matter? Support for Feminism among Women and Men in the United States and Canada.
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你孩子的性别重要吗？
DOI：
10.2307/353008
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发表时间：
1991
影响因子：
6
通讯作者：
R. Warner
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
R. Warner
关于支持女权主义的研究发现，男子和妇女通过不同的途径获得女权主义观点。男子可以支持平等主义观点，认为这符合其政治意识形态，而妇女则通过与家庭和就业活动有关的个人经历，独立地形成女权主义观点。虽然经验调查一般支持这些想法，但其中大多数只关注女性，迄今为止还没有研究确定儿童的性别对成年人支持女权主义有什么影响。这项研究的假设是，有女孩的女性和男性都比有男孩的女性更有可能支持女权主义，因为他们更有可能看到性别不平等，而这种不平等可能发生在离家很近的地方。使用底特律和多伦多大都市地区的数据进行的分析表明，对于这两种环境中的妇女和加拿大男子来说，生女孩与更平等的观点有关。美国男人的观点不受孩子性别的影响，这一发现被解释为与美国和加拿大不同的文化和政治气候有关。对女权主义的研究表明，女权主义观点的发展有几条道路，女性和男性往往走不同的道路。虽然妇女和男子都可以支持女权主义思想，因为这与他们对社会正义的看法是一致的，但妇女的女权主义可以通过对一个群体或事业的认同以及个人经历而独立产生。妇女在试图将有报酬的工作和个人关系联合收割机结合起来时，更经常地面临挑战，包括在劳动力市场上受到性别歧视（Klein，1984年）和"第二次轮班"引起的压力（Hochschild，1989年）。研究支持个人经验和态度之间的这种联系，发现更多的女性主义倾向的妇女与更大的劳动力承诺。由于家庭责任（丈夫和孩子）而不太重视劳动力的妇女对女权主义的关注较少（Gerson，1985; Klein，1985; Plutzer，1989）。然而，这项研究中缺少了两件事。首先，对家庭的相对依恋通常通过婚姻状况和子女数量来评估。他们的论点是，已婚和有孩子的妇女很少有时间从事家庭以外的活动，据说正是通过这些经历，妇女认同女权主义思想和团体（桑顿，阿尔文和坎伯恩，1983）。虽然调查结果普遍支持这些社会学系，301费尔班克斯大厅，俄勒冈州州立大学，科瓦利斯，或97331 - 3703。
Research on support for feminism has found that men and women arrive at a feminist perspective via different paths. While men can support an egalitarian viewpoint as being consistent with their political ideology, women arrive at a feminist perspective independently through personal experience related to their family and employment activities. Although empirical investigations generally support these ideas, most of them focus exclusively on women, and to date no research has identified what effect the sex of children has on adult support for feminism. The hypothesis of this study is that both women and men who have female children will be more likely to support feminism than will those with male children, as they will be more likely to see gender inequality when it can potentially strike close to home. Using data from the Detroit and Toronto metropolitan areas, the analysis shows that for women in both settings and for Canadian men, having female children is associated with more egalitarian views. The finding that American men's views are unaffected by the sex of children is interpreted as being related to different cultural and political climates in the United States and Canada. Research on feminism suggests that there are se ral paths to the development of a feminist perspective, with women and men often taking separate paths. While both women and men can support feminist ideas as consistent with their views on social justice, women's feminism can come independently through identity with a group or cause and by personal experience. Women are more often faced with challenges when trying to combine paid work and personal relationships, including exposure to sex discrimination in the labor market (Klein, 1984) and stress induced by taking on a "second shift" (Hochschild, 1989). The research supports this connection between personal experience and attitudes with findings of more feminist orientations among women with greater labor force commitment. Women who are less attached to the labor force because of domestic commitments (husbands and children) are less attached to the issues surrounding feminism (Gerson, 1985; Klein, 1985; Plutzer, 1989). Two things are missing in this research, however. First, relative attachment to the domestic sphere is typically assessed through marital status and number of children. The argument is that women who are married and have children have less time to devote to extrafamilial activities, and it is through these experiences that women are said to identify with feminist ideas and groups (Thornton, Alwin, and Camburn, 1983). While findings have generally supported these Department of Sociology, 301 Fairbanks Hall, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331-3703.