Heterogeneous treatment effects of safe water on infectious disease: Do meteorological factors matter?
Heterogeneous treatment effects of safe water on infectious disease: Do meteorological factors matter?
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安全水对传染病的异质治疗效果：气象因素重要吗？
DOI：
10.1007/s11698-017-0169-6
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发表时间：
2018
期刊：
影响因子：
1.6
通讯作者：
Kota Ogasawara & Yukitoshi Matsushita
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
(著者)Jussi Klemela (aはウムラウト) (訳者)竹澤邦夫;西田喜平次;小林凌雅;Kota Ogasawara;Kota Ogasawara & Yukitoshi Matsushita
水传播传染病的死亡率仍然是全球的一个严重问题。研究有效的自来水厂敷设方案，以减少此类疾病的危险因素，已成为工业化国家的重要研究途径。虽然越来越多的文献揭示了净水设施对疾病的缓解作用，但对清洁水的异质处理效果研究不足。因此，本研究着眼于日本工业化城市的外部气象环境中自来水处理效果的异质性。为了估计变化的影响，我们实施了固定效应的半变系数模型来处理不可观察到的混杂因素，使用了1922至1940年间的全国城市水平面板数据集。我们发现有证据表明，在气温较高的城市，安全水对降低伤寒死亡率的幅度更大，这与最近的流行病学证据一致。这些调查结果强调了发展中国家安装净水设施的市政当局外部气象条件变化的重要性。
Mortality from waterborne infectious diseases remains a serious issue globally. Investigating the efficient laying plan of waterworks to mitigate the risk factors for such diseases has been an important research avenue for industrializing countries. While a growing body of the literature has revealed the mitigating effects of water-purification facilities on diseases, the heterogeneous treatment effects of clean water have been understudied. The present study thus focuses on the treatment effect heterogeneity of piped water with respect to the external meteorological environment of cities in industrializing Japan. To estimate the varying effects, we implement fixed-effects semivarying coefficient models to deal with the unobservable confounding factors, using a nationwide city-level panel dataset between 1922 and 1940. We find evidence that the magnitude of safe water on the reduction in the typhoid death rate is larger in cities with a higher temperature, which is consistent with recent epidemiological evidence. These findings underscore the importance of the variations in the external meteorological conditions of the municipalities that install water-purification facilities in developing countries.