Autism Spectrum Disorders and Autisticlike Traits Similar Etiology in the Extreme End and the Normal Variation
Autism Spectrum Disorders and Autisticlike Traits Similar Etiology in the Extreme End and the Normal Variation
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DOI：
10.1001/archgenpsychiatry.2011.144
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发表时间：
2012-01-01
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Lichtenstein, Paul
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Lundstrom, Sebastian;Chang, Zheng;Lichtenstein, Paul
背景：自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）被认为代表了自闭症样特征（ALT）正态分布的极端。目的：研究ASD和ALT的病因是否有相似的遗传和/或环境因素。设计：一项全国性的双胞胎研究。参与者：1992年7月1日至2001年12月31日出生的所有9岁和12岁的瑞典双胞胎的父母（n= 19208），通过电话访谈筛查儿童精神疾病，包括自闭症。主要结果测量：ASD的两个经验证的临界值，2个临界值包含正常变化，结果：4个临界值与ALT的全变异之间存在较强的相关性，且与ALT的全变异之间存在较强的相关性，而与ALT的全变异之间存在较强的相关性。这种相关性主要受基因的影响。我们还发现，4 cutoffs. Conclusion的遗传力是相似的：我们证明了ASD和ALT之间的正常变化的病因相似性，从以前的研究结果，我们的数据表明，ASD和ALT的病因连锁。
Context: Autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) have been suggested to represent the extreme end of a normal distribution of autisticlike traits (ALTs). However, the evidence of this notion is inconclusive.Objective: To study whether there are similar genetic and/or environmental etiologies behind ASDs and ALTs.Design: A nationwide twin study.Participants: Consenting parents of all Swedish twins aged 9 and 12 years, born between July 1, 1992, and December 31, 2001 (n=19 208), were interviewed by telephone to screen for child psychiatric conditions, including ASDs.Main Outcome Measures: Two validated cutoffs for ASDs, 2 cutoffs encompassing the normal variation, and 1 continuous measure of ALTs were used with DeFries-Fulker extreme-end analyses and standard twin study methods.Results: We discerned a strong correlation between the 4 cutoffs and the full variation of ALTs. The correlation was primarily affected by genes. We also found that the heritability for the 4 cutoffs was similar.Conclusion: We demonstrate an etiological similarity between ASDs and ALTs in the normal variation and, with results from previous studies, our data suggest that ASDs and ALTs are etiologically linked.