Hyperdopaminergic mutant mice have higher "wanting" but not "liking" for sweet rewards.
Hyperdopaminergic mutant mice have higher "wanting" but not "liking" for sweet rewards.
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DOI：
10.1097/00008877-200409000-00094
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发表时间：
2004-09
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
S. Peciña;B. Cagniard;K. Berridge;J. Aldridge;X. Zhuang
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
S. Peciña;B. Cagniard;K. Berridge;J. Aldridge;X. Zhuang
多巴胺在自然奖励中的作用是什么？采用基因突变方法来检查突触多巴胺升高对以下方面的影响：（1）自发食物和水摄入，（2）激励动机和学习在跑道任务中获得可口的甜味奖励，以及（3）蔗糖味道引起的情感“喜欢”反应。多巴胺转运蛋白 (DAT) 敲除突变仅保留正常 DAT 的 10%，因此导致突变小鼠的突触多巴胺水平升高 70%，该突变被用来确定多巴胺对食物摄入和奖励的影响。我们发现高多巴胺能 DAT 敲低突变小鼠的食物和水摄入量更高。在跑道任务中，他们表现出了更强的获取能力和更高的激励绩效，从而获得了丰厚的奖励。高多巴胺能突变小鼠比野生型小鼠离开启动箱更快，需要更少的学习试验，在跑道上停顿的次数更少，更好地抵抗干扰，并且更直接地实现目标。这些观察结果表明，高多巴胺能突变小鼠在跑道测试中将更大的激励显着性（“想要”）归因于甜蜜的奖励。但在情感味觉反应测试中，蔗糖味道未能引起突变小鼠更高的口面部“喜欢”反应。这些结果表明，长期升高的细胞外多巴胺有助于“想要”和学习对甜味奖励的激励动机任务，但升高的多巴胺不会增加对甜味的享乐影响的“喜欢”反应。
What is the role of dopamine in natural rewards? A genetic mutant approach was taken to examine the consequences of elevated synaptic dopamine on (1) spontaneous food and water intake, (2) incentive motivation and learning to obtain a palatable sweet reward in a runway task, and (3) affective "liking" reactions elicited by the taste of sucrose. A dopamine transporter (DAT) knockdown mutation that preserves only 10% of normal DAT, and therefore causes mutant mice to have 70% elevated levels of synaptic dopamine, was used to identify dopamine effects on food intake and reward. We found that hyperdopaminergic DAT knockdown mutant mice have higher food and water intake. In a runway task, they demonstrated enhanced acquisition and greater incentive performance for a sweet reward. Hyperdopaminergic mutant mice leave the start box more quickly than wild-type mice, require fewer trials to learn, pause less often in the runway, resist distractions better, and proceed more directly to the goal. Those observations suggest that hyperdopaminergic mutant mice attribute greater incentive salience ("wanting") to a sweet reward in the runway test. But sucrose taste fails to elicit higher orofacial "liking" reactions from mutant mice in an affective taste reactivity test. These results indicate that chronically elevated extracellular dopamine facilitates "wanting" and learning of an incentive motivation task for a sweet reward, but elevated dopamine does not increase "liking" reactions to the hedonic impact of sweet tastes.