Pneumococcal disease and use of pneumococcal vaccines in Taiwan.
Pneumococcal disease and use of pneumococcal vaccines in Taiwan.
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DOI：
10.7774/cevr.2015.4.2.121
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发表时间：
2015-07
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
Chiu CH
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Wei SH;Chiang CS;Chen CL;Chiu CH
肺炎球菌疫苗的使用对于预防侵袭性肺炎球菌疾病（IPD）具有重要作用。然而，将肺炎球菌疫苗纳入国家免疫规划（NIP）是复杂且昂贵的。台湾逐步将肺炎球菌结合疫苗（PCV）纳入NIP的策略为政策制定者提供了宝贵的经验。七价PCV（PCV7）于2005年底首次在台湾上市。PCV7首先免费提供给患有基础疾病的儿童、社会经济地位脆弱的儿童以及医疗资源不足的儿童。 2013年启动13价PCV补种免疫计划，2015年实施全国肺炎球菌免疫计划。2-5岁儿童是台湾儿童中IPD发病率最高的人群。尽管 PCV7 血清型引起的 IPD 发病率有所下降，但在私营部门使用 PCV7 的背景下，IPD 的总体发病率仍然很高。 19A血清型引起的IPD激增，占2011-2012年≤5岁儿童IPD病例的53.6%。国家肺炎球菌免疫规划实施后，15血清群已成为儿童IPD的主导血清群。有必要持续监测台湾的血清型流行病学。
The use of pneumococcal vaccine plays an important role for prevention of invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD). However, introducing the pneumococcal vaccine into the national immunization program (NIP) is complex and costly. The strategy of progressively integrating the pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV) into the NIP in Taiwan provides valuable experience for policy makers. The 7-valent PCV (PCV7) was first available in Taiwan in late 2005. PCV7 was first provided free to children with underlying diseases, those in vulnerable socioeconomic status, and those with inadequate health care resources. The catch-up immunization program with the 13-valent PCV was launched in 2013 and the national pneumococcal immunization program was implemented in 2015. Children aged 2-5 years had the highest incidence of IPD among pediatric population in Taiwan. Although the incidence of IPD caused by PCV7 serotypes has declined, the overall incidence of IPD remained high in the context of PCV7 use in the private sector. A surge of IPD caused by serotype 19A occurred, accounting for 53.6% of IPD cases among children aged ≤ 5 years in 2011-2012. After the implementation of the national pneumococcal immunization program, serogroup 15 has become the leading serogroup for IPD in children. Continued surveillance is necessary to monitor the serotype epidemiology in Taiwan.