The quantum-optics Hamiltonian in the Multipolar gauge.
The quantum-optics Hamiltonian in the Multipolar gauge.
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DOI:
10.1038/s41598-017-11076-5
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发表时间:
2017-09-11
影响因子:
4.6
通讯作者:
Felbacq D
中科院分区:
文献类型:
--
作者:
Rousseau E;Felbacq D
This article deals with the fundamental problem of light-matter interaction in the quantum theory. Although it is described through the vector potential in quantum electrodynamics, it is believed by some that a hamiltonian involving only the electric and the magnetic fields is preferable. In the literature this hamiltonian is known as the Power-Zienau-Woolley hamiltonian. We question its validity and show that it is not equivalent to the minimal-coupling hamiltonian. In this article, we show that these two hamiltonians are not connected through a gauge transformation. We find that the gauge is not fixed in the Power-Zienau-Woolley hamiltonian. The interaction term is written in one gauge whereas the rest of the hamiltonian is written in another gauge. The Power-Zienau-Woolley hamiltonian and the minimal-coupling one are related through a unitary transformation that does not fulfill the gauge fixing constraints. Consequently, they predict different physical results. In this letter, we provide the correct quantum theory in the multipolar gauge with a hamiltonian involving only the physical fields.
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影响因子:
0.9
作者:
KOBE, DH
通讯作者:
KOBE, DH
DOI:
10.1098/rsta.1959.0008
发表时间:
1959-01-01
影响因子:
--
作者:
POWER, EA;ZIENAU, S
通讯作者:
ZIENAU, S
DOI:
10.1364/josab.1.000116
发表时间:
1984-01-01
影响因子:
1.9
作者:
ACKERHALT, JR;MILONNI, PW
通讯作者:
MILONNI, PW
影响因子:
3.7
作者:
Jenkins, Stewart D.;Ruostekoski, Janne
通讯作者:
Ruostekoski, Janne
DOI:
10.1364/josab.2.001100
发表时间:
1985-01-01
影响因子:
1.9
作者:
POWER, EA;THIRUNAMACHANDRAN, T
通讯作者:
THIRUNAMACHANDRAN, T