Exploitation and interference competition between the invasive Argentine ant, Linepithema humile, and native ant species
Exploitation and interference competition between the invasive Argentine ant, Linepithema humile, and native ant species
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DOI：
10.1007/bf00328744
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发表时间：
1996-02-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
Gordon, DM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Human, KG;Gordon, DM
在加利福尼亚州北部 450 公顷的生物保护区中研究了入侵性阿根廷蚁 Linepithema humile 和本地蚂蚁物种之间的相互作用。沿着入侵的边缘，阿根廷蚂蚁的存在显着降低了本地蚂蚁物种的觅食成功率，反之亦然。阿根廷蚂蚁在利用食物来源方面始终优于本土蚂蚁：与本土蚂蚁相比，阿根廷蚂蚁更一致地发现和招募诱饵，数量更多，而且它们全天觅食的时间更长。本地蚂蚁和阿根廷蚂蚁在吸引同一个诱饵时经常发生争斗，在这些冲突中，本地蚂蚁种类有 60% 会从诱饵中消失。在引种实验中，阿根廷蚂蚁干扰了本地蚂蚁物种的觅食，并通过捕食有翅膀的本地蚁后来阻止本地蚂蚁物种新群体的建立。 1993年5月至1994年5月期间，保护区内的阿根廷蚂蚁的活动范围扩大了12公顷，1993年9月至1994年9月期间扩大了13公顷，本地蚂蚁种类的活动范围也相应减少。尽管一些本土蚂蚁在阿根廷蚂蚁入侵的边缘地区持续存在，但大多数最终从入侵地区消失。干扰和开发竞争似乎对于将本地蚂蚁物种从阿根廷蚂蚁入侵的地区驱逐出去很重要。
Interactions between the invasive Argentine ant, Linepithema humile, and native ant species were studied in a 450-ha biological reserve in northern California. Along the edges of the invasion, the presence of Argentine ants significantly reduced the foraging success of native ant species, and vice versa. Argentine ants were consistently better than native ants at exploiting food sources: Argentine ants found and recruited to bait more consistently and in higher numbers than native ant species, and they foraged for longer periods throughout the day. Native ants and Argentine ants frequently fought when they recruited to the same bait, and native ant species were displaced from bait during 60% of these en counters. In introduction experiments, Argentine ants interfered with the foraging of native ant species, and prevented the establishment of new colonies of native ant species by preying upon winged native ant queens. The Argentine ants' range within the preserve expanded by 12 ha between May 1993 and May 1994, and 13 between September 1993 and September 1994, with a corresponding reduction of the range of native ant species. Although some native ants persist locally at the edges of the invasion of Argentine ants, most eventually disappear from invaded areas. Both interference and exploitation competition appear to be important in the displacement of native ant species from areas invaded by Argentine ants.