Long-circulating Targeted Nanoparticles for Cancer Therapy
Long-circulating Targeted Nanoparticles for Cancer Therapy
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DOI：
10.2174/157341310791658991
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发表时间：
2010-08-01
影响因子：
1.5
通讯作者：
He, Zhonggui
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Liu, Yang;Sun, Jin;He, Zhonggui
长期以来，纳米颗粒一直被认为是癌症治疗中有前途的药物传递系统，包括脂质体、聚合物胶束、聚合物-药物偶联物、树状大分子和聚合物纳米颗粒。然而，传统的纳米颗粒会被单核细胞吞噬系统（MPS）特异性捕获，然后在静脉给药后迅速消除，因此纳米颗粒的应用由于循环寿命短而受到限制。由于长循环特性是纳米颗粒到达目标位置的先决条件，因此纳米颗粒表面通常由亲水聚合物材料（如PEG）修饰，以减少等离子体的调理和MPS的摄取。此外，增加肿瘤特异性和细胞内化将提高治疗效果，减少许多细胞毒性抗肿瘤药物的严重副作用。引入靶向配体与特定肿瘤细胞或组织相互作用，将通过位点特异性、减少多药耐药性和提高递送效率，大大增强癌症治疗。本文将对长循环纳米颗粒的现状进行概述，并描述其主要优点和潜在缺陷。特别强调用于肿瘤靶向的长循环纳米颗粒的优越性。
Nanoparticles have long been sought as promising drug delivery system for cancer therapy, including liposomes, polymeric micelles, polymer-drug conjugates, dendrimers and polymeric nanoparticles. However, conventional nanoparticles would be specifically entrapped by the monocyte phagocytic system (MPS), and then quickly eliminated following intravenous administration, so the applications of nanoparticles are limited due to short circulation lifetime. Since long-circulation property is the prerequisite for nanoparticles reaching the target site of interest, the nanoparticle surface is usually modified by hydrophilic polymer materials such as PEG, to reduce plasma opsonization and MPS uptake. Furthermore, increased tumor specificity and cell internalization will improve the treatment efficacy and decrease the serious side effects for many cytotoxic antineoplastic drugs. Introducing the targeting ligands for interaction with specific tumor cells or tissues will offer major enhancement in cancer therapeutics via site specificity, reduction of multidrug resistance and improved delivery efficiency. This article will give an overview on the current state of long-circulating nanoparticles and describe their major advantages and potential pitfalls. Special emphasis is placed on the superiority of long-circulating nanoparticles used for tumor targeting.