MicroRNAs and liver disease.

MicroRNAs and liver disease.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.trsl.2011.01.008
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发表时间:
2011-04
期刊:
Translational research : the journal of laboratory and clinical medicine
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Davidson NO
Davidson NO
中科院分区:
其他
文献类型:
--
作者:
Kerr TA;Korenblat KM;Davidson NO

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基因表达的转录后调控现在被认为是疾病发病机制的重要贡献者,其机制包括信使RNA的编码和非编码区内的稳定性和翻译元件的功能的改变。这种调控模式中的一个主要组成部分是与RNA稳定性的结合以及与microRNA(miRNAs)的翻译控制元件的结合。miRNA是非编码的内源性转录的RNA,其经历一系列充分表征的加工步骤,所述加工步骤产生短的单链(~20-22)RNA片段,所述短的单链(~20-22)RNA片段结合到一系列靶内的互补区域,并且由于运输到加工体而导致mRNA降解或减弱的翻译。本文将重点介绍miRNAs在肝脏疾病(包括非酒精性脂肪肝、病毒性肝炎和肝细胞癌)中的作用,并简要讨论miRNAs作为肝损伤和肿瘤生物标志物的应用。
Post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression is now recognized as an important contributor to disease pathogenesis, among whose mechanisms include alterations in the function of stability and translational elements within both coding and non-coding regions of messenger RNA. A major component in this regulatory paradigm is the binding both to RNA stability and also to translational control elements by microRNAs (miRNAs). miRNAs are non-coding endogenously transcribed RNAs that undergo a well characterized series of processing steps that generate short single stranded (~20–22) RNA fragments that bind to complementary regions within a range of targets and in turn lead to mRNA degradation or attenuated translation as a result of trafficking to processing bodies. This article will highlight selected advances in the role of miRNAs in liver disease including non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, viral hepatitis, and hepatocellular carcinoma and will briefly discuss the utility of miRNAs as biomarkers of liver injury and neoplasia.
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