Fission-fusion dynamics, behavioral flexibility, and inhibitory control in primates
Fission-fusion dynamics, behavioral flexibility, and inhibitory control in primates
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DOI：
10.1016/j.cub.2008.08.020
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发表时间：
2008-09-23
期刊：
影响因子：
9.2
通讯作者：
Call, Josep
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Amici, Federica;Aureli, Filippo;Call, Josep
马基雅维利智力或社会脑假说解释了大脑尺寸增加的进化主要是由生活在复杂的有组织的社会系统中驱动的[1-4]，其中个体代表“移动目标”，他们可以采取多种策略来相互回应[5]。在可变组成的子组中经常分裂和合并（裂变融合或FF动力学）已被提出作为社会复杂性的一个方面（[2，6-9];与[10]相比），这可能与抑制等认知技能的增强有关[111]，这允许在不断变化的社会环境中抑制优势但无效的反应[7]。我们比较了经历高水平FF动态的灵长类动物（黑猩猩，倭黑猩猩，猩猩和蜘蛛猴）与生活在更具凝聚力的群体中的物种（大猩猩，僧帽猴和长尾猕猴）的表现[12-13]。不同的饮食，系统发育的相关性，和FF动态水平的测试物种，使我们能够对比生态，系统发育和社会生态的种间差异的解释。蜘蛛猴的表现与黑猩猩、倭黑猩猩和猩猩相当，但比大猩猩好。两个聚类分析分组的所有物种与较高水平的FF动态在一起。这些研究结果证实，增强抑制技能与FF动态呈正相关，而不是系统发育关系或摄食生态。
The Machiavellian Intelligence or Social Brain Hypothesis explains the evolution of increased brain size as mainly driven by living in complex organized social systems [1-4] in which individuals represent "moving targets" who can adopt multiple strategies to respond to one another [5]. Frequently splitting and merging in subgroups of variable composition (fission-fusion or FF dynamics) has been proposed as one aspect of social complexity ([2, 6-9]; compare with [10]) that may be associated with an enhancement of cognitive skills like inhibition [111], which allows the suppression of prepotent but ineffective responses in a changing social environment [7]. We compared the performance of primates experiencing high levels of FF dynamics (chimpanzees, bonobos, orangutans, and spider monkeys) to that of species living in more cohesive groups (gorillas, capuchin monkeys, and long-tailed macaques) [12-13] on five inhibition tasks. Testing species differing in diet, phylogenetic relatedness, and levels of FF dynamics allowed us to contrast ecological, phylogenetic, and socioecological explanations for interspecific differences. Spider monkeys performed at levels comparable to chimpanzees, bonobos, and orangutans, and better than gorillas. A two-cluster analysis grouped all species with higher levels of FF dynamics together. These findings confirmed that enhanced inhibitory skills are positively associated with FF dynamics, more than to phylogenetic relations or feeding ecology.