The Interleukin-1 Family
The Interleukin-1 Family
复制标题
DOI：
10.1007/978-94-024-0921-5_2
复制
发表时间：
2016-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Ghoreschi, Kamran
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Yazdi, Amir S.;Ghoreschi, Kamran
白细胞介素4（IL-1.）家族由几种促炎蛋白或促炎蛋白组成，促炎性IL-1 β是其最具特征的成员。IL-1 β是通过与IL-1受体1结合而导致发热和免疫激活的最突出的内毒素介质之一。由于其效力，其分泌受到严格控制。首先，TLR激活、TNF或成熟IL-1 α激活IL-1受体诱导了无生物活性的前体的转录，对于IL-1 β的分泌，需要炎性小体激活作为第二刺激。炎性小体是细胞溶质蛋白复合物，其活化导致炎性半胱天冬酶如半胱天冬酶-1的成熟。半胱天冬酶-1然后将无活性的pro-IL-1 β切割成其成熟形式，然后分泌。虽然IL-1 α和m-1 β被认为是促炎性的，但IL-1 Ra作为天然存在的受体拮抗剂，可作为IL-1受体信号传导的抑制剂。IL-1家族的其他成员，如IL-18、IL-33或IL-36，甚至参与辅助性T细胞的分化，也将在本章中讨论。
The interieukin4 (IL-1.) family consists of several pro- or antiinflammatory proteins, with pro-inflammatory IL-1 beta being its best characterized member. IL-1 beta is one of the most prominent mediators of intlanunation resulting in fever and immune activation via binding to IL-1 receptor 1. Due to its potency, its secretion is tightly regulated. First the transcription of uhe biologically inactive proform is induced by TLR activation, TNF, or IL-1 receptor activation by mature IL-1 alpha or For the secretion of IL-1 beta, inflammasome activation as second stimulus is needed. Inflammasomes are cytosolic protein complexes whose activation results in the maturation of inflammatory caspases such as caspase-1. Caspase-1. then cleaves the inactive pro-IL-1 beta into its mature form which is then being secreted. While IL-1 alpha and m-1 beta are considered pro-inflammatory, IL-1Ra as a naturally occurring receptor antagonist acts as an inhibitor on IL-1 receptor signaling. Further members of the IL-1 family, such as IL-18, IL-33, or IL-36, are even involved in T-helper-cell differentiation and will also be discussed in this chapter.