Wormwood (Artemisia absinthium L.) as a promising nematicidal and antifungal agent: Chemical composition, comparison of extraction techniques and bioassay-guided isolation
Wormwood (Artemisia absinthium L.) as a promising nematicidal and antifungal agent: Chemical composition, comparison of extraction techniques and bioassay-guided isolation
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艾草（Artemisia Absinthium L.）作为一种有前途的杀线虫和抗真菌剂：化学成分、提取技术和生物测定引导分离的比较
DOI：
10.1016/j.indcrop.2019.03.039
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发表时间：
2019-07-01
影响因子：
5.9
通讯作者：
Zhang, Jing
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Liu, Ting-ting;Wu, Hai-bin;Zhang, Jing
对艾草不同器官(花、叶、茎和根)的乙酸乙酯、乙醇和水提取物进行了研究。进行了调查，以检查杀线虫和抗真菌活性，以努力促进艾草未来的农业应用及其作为经济作物的潜力。结果表明，根部乙酸乙酯提取物具有最高的总噻吩酮含量(TTC)、杀线虫活性和抗真菌活性。TTC与生物活性高度相关，表明噻吩类化合物在杀线虫和抗真菌活性中起着重要作用。通过对四种萃取法(浸提法、索氏萃取法、超临界流体萃取法和超声波辅助萃取法)的比较，考察了四种萃取法对噻吩得率的影响。超临界流体萃取法(SFE)是提取TTC最高、活性最好的噻吩类化合物的最佳方法。此外，通过生物测定导向法从超临界萃取物中分离得到8个噻吩类化合物(1-8)，其中包括2个新化合物(1和2)。所有的噻吩类化合物都表现出很强的杀线虫活性。其中，1~4号药剂的半数致死浓度(LC_(50))分别为2.69、4.17、6.13和7.65 mg/L，优于市售阿维菌素(LC_(50)、9.47 mg/L)。对4种土传真菌均表现出不同程度的抑菌活性，其中化合物1和2的最低抑菌浓度(MIC值)为8~16 mg/L。本研究结果表明，艾草及其噻吩类化合物可用于杀线虫和杀菌剂工业。
The ethyl acetate, ethanol and water extracts of different organs (flowers, leaves, stems and roots) of wormwood (Artemisia absinthium L.) were investigated to examine nematicidal and antifungal activities in an effort to promote future agricultural applications of the wormwood and its potential as an industrial crop. The results showed that highest concentration of total thiophene content (TTC), as well as nematicidal and antifungal activities were found in ethyl acetate extract of roots. TTC and biological activities were highly correlated, indicating that thiophenes played an important role in nematicidal and antifungal activities. Furthermore, four extraction techniques (Maceration, Soxhlet extraction, Supercritical fluid extraction and Ultrasound-assisted extraction) were compared by evaluating the yield of thiophenes. Supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) appeared to be the best method for extracting thiophenes with the highest TTC and superior activities. In addition, eight thiophenes (1-8) including two new compounds (1 and 2) were isolated from the SFE extract by the bioassay guided method. All thiophenes showed potent nematicidal activities. In particular, 1-4 (50% lethal concentration (LC50) values of 2.69, 4.17, 6.13 and 7.65 mg/L, respectively) were more effective than commercial nematicide abamectin (LC50, 9.47 mg/L). Also, these thiophenes showed antifungal activities against four soilborne fungi at different degrees, especially for compounds 1 and 2 which exhibited noticeable antifungal effects (minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values ranging from 8-16 mg/L). Findings of this work suggest that wormwood root and its thiophenes could be used in nematicide and fungicide agent industry.