An Exploratory Study of Learning Behaviors and Their Relationship to Gains in Linguistic and Communicative Competence
An Exploratory Study of Learning Behaviors and Their Relationship to Gains in Linguistic and Communicative Competence
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学习行为及其与语言和交际能力增益关系的探索性研究
DOI：
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发表时间：
1985
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Mary Mcgroarty
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
R. L. Politzer;Mary Mcgroarty
对 37 名参加为期八周的以英语为第二语言的强化课程的学生进行了一份与假定的良好学习行为相关的调查问卷，以准备在美国进行研究生学习。自我报告问卷的答案根据学生的文化背景（亚洲与西班牙裔）和专业领域（专业工程/科学与社会科学/人文学科）进行分类，并与四项英语语言能力衡量标准的收益相关：语言能力；听觉理解；整体口语能力；和沟通能力，在这里主要概念化为传达信息的能力。分析表明，虽然亚裔受试者比西班牙裔受试者的“良好”学习行为较少，但他们在语言能力和交际能力方面往往取得更大的进步。另一方面，西班牙裔学生在整体口语能力和听觉理解方面取得了更大的进步。对特定行为和第二语言学习收益之间关系的检查揭示了一个有趣的分歧：一些行为与有意识的学习相关，而另一些行为则与一般交际能力的习得和收益相关。结果表明，在制定良好的学习行为时应谨慎行事。需要进行大量的进一步研究来解释哪些行为对不同水平的学习者有帮助，并将这些行为与当前的第二语言学习理论联系起来。
A questionnaire relating to presumed good learning behaviors was administered to 37 students enrolled in an eight-week intensive course in English as a second language in preparation for graduate study in the United States. The answers to the self-report questionnaire were classified according to the students' cultural background (Asian versus Hispanic) and field of specialization (professional engineering/science versus social science/humanities) and related to gains on four English language proficiency measures: linguistic competence; auditory comprehension; overall oral proficiency; and communicative competence, conceptualized here primarily as the ability to convey information. Analyses indicated that while the Asian subjects engaged in fewer of the assumed “good” learning behaviors than the Hispanics, they tended to make greater gains in linguistic competence and communicative competence. On the other hand, the Hispanic students made more progress in overall oral proficiency and in auditory comprehension. Examination of the relationships between specific behaviors and second language learning gains revealed an interesting split: Some behaviors were associated with conscious learning, while others were related to acquisition and gains in general communicative competence. Results indicate that caution in prescribing good learning behaviors is warranted. Considerable further research is needed to explain which behaviors are helpful for learners at various levels and to relate these behaviors to current second language learning theories.