Loss, Trauma, and Resilience in Adulthood
Loss, Trauma, and Resilience in Adulthood
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DOI：
10.1891/0198-8794.32.189
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发表时间：
2012-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Mancini, Anthony D.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Bonanno, George A.;Westphal, Maren;Mancini, Anthony D.
第一波的研究损失和潜在的创伤性事件（PTE）的主要精神病理学的方法强调个人功能障碍或事件的方法强调暴露和非暴露组之间的平均差异。我们认为这些方法的优势和局限性，然后审查最近的研究，集中在异质性的结果后，令人厌恶的事件。使用传统的分析工具和复杂的潜在轨迹建模，这项研究已经确定了一套原型的结果模式。通常情况下，PTE后最常见的结果是健康功能或恢复力的稳定轨迹。我们回顾研究表明，弹性不是几个主导因素的结果，而是有多个独立的预测弹性的结果，然后审查一些可能的因素，可能会告知弹性的结果在老年人群。最后，我们通过批判性地评估最近的努力，灌输韧性，并建议可能的方式，这种努力可能最好地向前迈进。
The first wave of research on loss and potentially traumatic events (PTEs) was dominated by either a psychopathological approach emphasizing individual dysfunction or an event approach emphasizing average differences between exposed and nonexposed groups. We consider the strengths and limitations of these approaches and then review more recent research that has focused on the heterogeneity of outcomes following aversive events. Using both traditional analytic tools and sophisticated latent trajectory modeling, this research has identified a set of prototypical outcome patterns. Typically, the most common outcome following PTEs is a stable trajectory of healthy functioning or resilience. We review research showing that resilience is not the result of a few dominant factors, but rather that there are multiple independent predictors of resilient outcomes, and then review some of the possible factors that might inform resilient outcomes in older populations. Finally, we close by critically evaluating recent efforts to inculcate resilience and suggest possible ways such efforts might best move forward.