Estimation of the thermal resistance of a building wall with inverse techniques based on rapid active in situ measurements and white-box or ARX black-box models
Estimation of the thermal resistance of a building wall with inverse techniques based on rapid active in situ measurements and white-box or ARX black-box models
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DOI：
10.1016/j.enbuild.2020.110346
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发表时间：
2020-11
影响因子：
6.7
通讯作者：
A. François;L. Ibos;V. Feuillet;J. Meulemans
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
A. François;L. Ibos;V. Feuillet;J. Meulemans
传统的墙体热阻现场测量方法都是基于稳态假设。这限制了它们的适用性，因为它们对室外条件的敏感性很高，并且需要持续很长时间才能获得准确的结果。为了克服这些局限性，本文介绍了一种用于评估建筑墙体热阻的原位方法。它基于快速主动测量：室内空气加热数小时。此外，与仅基于温度的常见主动方法不同，所提出的方法基于热通量和一个或多个温度的测量。两种方法的实施和比较，以估计从测量壁的热特性。在第一种方法中，逆技术的基础上的“白盒”模型推导出的热方程。最好的直接模型选择取决于测试的墙壁类型和天气条件。在第二种方法中，使用ARX“黑盒”模型。所提出的方法进行了彻底的测试，在全尺寸的承重墙配备了一个经典的内部绝缘系统，常见于法国建筑。该墙建在气候室内，以评估方法对各种室外条件的鲁棒性。结果表明，对于墙体类型，如果外部温度保持大致恒定，这两种方法都可以得到准确和可重复的结果。随着外部条件的变化，白盒模型保持准确，而ARX“黑盒”模型则不准确。
Classicalin situmeasurement methods of building wall thermal resistance are based on steady-state assumptions. This limits their applicability given their high sensitivity to outdoor conditions and the duration required to obtain accurate results. To overcome these limitations, the present paper introduces anin situmethod for the assessment of building wall thermal resistance. It is based on rapid active measurements: indoor air is heated for several hours. In addition, unlike common active methods based only on temperatures, the proposed method is based on measurements of a heat flux and one or several temperatures. Two approaches are implemented and compared to estimate wall thermal characteristics from measurements. In the first approach, inverse technique are used based on “white-box” models derived from the heat equation. The best direct model to choose depends on the type of wall tested and weather conditions. In the second approach, ARX “black-box” models are used. The proposed methods were thoroughly tested on a full-size load-bearing wall equipped with a classical internal insulation system commonly found in french buildings. The wall was built inside a climate chamber in order to assess the robustness of the methods to various outdoor conditions. The results demonstrated that, for type of wall, both approaches lead to accurate and repeatable results if the external temperature remains roughly constant. With varying external conditions, white-box models remained accurate while ARX “black-box” models did not.