A coastal cline in sodium accumulation in Arabidopsis thaliana is driven by natural variation of the sodium transporter AtHKT1;1.
A coastal cline in sodium accumulation in Arabidopsis thaliana is driven by natural variation of the sodium transporter AtHKT1;1.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pgen.1001193
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发表时间：
2010-11-11
期刊：
影响因子：
4.5
通讯作者：
Salt DE
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Baxter I;Brazelton JN;Yu D;Huang YS;Lahner B;Yakubova E;Li Y;Bergelson J;Borevitz JO;Nordborg M;Vitek O;Salt DE
与许多植物物种一样，遗传模型植物拟南芥在其自然栖息地经历了一系列土壤条件。尽管分子遗传基础仍然难以捉摸，但这种异质性可能会推动局部适应。在这里，我们描述了一项研究，其中我们使用全基因组关联图谱、遗传互补和基因表达研究来鉴定AtHKT1;1基因座的顺式调节表达水平多态性，该基因座编码已知的钠（Na+）转运蛋白，是控制全球拟南芥种群叶片Na+积累能力自然变化的主要因素。 AtHKT1;1 的一个弱等位基因导致该群体中叶片 Na+ 升高，此前已被认为与耐盐性升高有关。对该等位基因地理分布的检查表明，其在与欧洲海岸和盐土相关的种群中显着富集。这种弱 AtHKT1;1 等位基因在这些人群中的固定是支持当地适应这些潜在盐分影响环境的遗传证据。某些动植物物种不寻常的地理分布给科学界带来了关于几代人的进化历史和地理历史相互关系的令人费解的问题。通过 DNA 测序，此类难题现已扩展到物种内遗传变异的地理分布。在这里，我们解释了欧洲拟南芥种群中的一个这样的谜团，我们发现，在靠近海岸或已知盐碱土上生长的这种植物种群中，几乎唯一发现了一种编码功能降低的钠转运蛋白的基因。该基因的这个版本此前曾被认为与耐盐度升高有关，并且它在沿海地区和盐碱土上生长的植物种群中的异常分布表明，它在使这些植物适应当地环境的高盐度方面发挥着作用。
The genetic model plant Arabidopsis thaliana, like many plant species, experiences a range of edaphic conditions across its natural habitat. Such heterogeneity may drive local adaptation, though the molecular genetic basis remains elusive. Here, we describe a study in which we used genome-wide association mapping, genetic complementation, and gene expression studies to identify cis-regulatory expression level polymorphisms at the AtHKT1;1 locus, encoding a known sodium (Na+) transporter, as being a major factor controlling natural variation in leaf Na+ accumulation capacity across the global A. thaliana population. A weak allele of AtHKT1;1 that drives elevated leaf Na+ in this population has been previously linked to elevated salinity tolerance. Inspection of the geographical distribution of this allele revealed its significant enrichment in populations associated with the coast and saline soils in Europe. The fixation of this weak AtHKT1;1 allele in these populations is genetic evidence supporting local adaptation to these potentially saline impacted environments. The unusual geographical distribution of certain animal and plant species has provided puzzling questions to the scientific community regarding the interrelationship of evolutionary and geographic histories for generations. With DNA sequencing, such puzzles have now extended to the geographical distribution of genetic variation within a species. Here, we explain one such puzzle in the European population of Arabidopsis thaliana, where we find that a version of a gene encoding for a sodium-transporter with reduced function is almost uniquely found in populations of this plant growing close to the coast or on known saline soils. This version of the gene has previously been linked with elevated salinity tolerance, and its unusual distribution in populations of plants growing in coastal regions and on saline soils suggests that it is playing a role in adapting these plants to the elevated salinity of their local environment.
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