DDT RESISTANCE IN ANOPHELES-CULICIFACIES GILES AND ANOPHELES-SUBPICTUS GRASSI (DIPTERA, CULICIDAE) FROM SRI LANKA - A FIELD-STUDY ON THE MECHANISMS AND CHANGES IN GENE-FREQUENCY AFTER CESSATION OF DDT SPRAYING
DDT RESISTANCE IN ANOPHELES-CULICIFACIES GILES AND ANOPHELES-SUBPICTUS GRASSI (DIPTERA, CULICIDAE) FROM SRI LANKA - A FIELD-STUDY ON THE MECHANISMS AND CHANGES IN GENE-FREQUENCY AFTER CESSATION OF DDT SPRAYING
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DOI：
10.1017/s0007485300015583
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发表时间：
1988-12-01
影响因子：
1.9
通讯作者：
HARRIS, J
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
HERATH, PRJ;JAYAWARDENA, KGI;HARRIS, J
从1975年停止将滴滴涕用于控制疟疾到1982年，斯里兰卡按蚊幼虫相贾尔斯对滴滴涕的抗药性频率保持相对稳定。从1983年到1986年，耐药频率缓慢但显著下降。在1980~1983年间，草地夜蛾抗性基因频率下降，此后趋势逆转，而在1984~86年间，对滴滴涕的抗性显著增加。滴滴涕抗药性的上升不能归因于积极的滴滴涕选择压力，因为在此期间，滴滴涕在农业上的使用很少或没有。抗性上升也不太可能是由于对拟除虫菊酯的选择，因为岛上使用的拟除虫菊酯数量很少，而且世卫组织敏感性测试没有证据表明对拟除虫菊酯有耐药性。对增效剂FDMC、(4-chloro-.alpha.-(4-chlorophenyl)-.alpha.-(trifluoromethyl)benzenemethanol)和胡椒基丁醚的研究表明，抗药性与滴滴涕脱氢氯化酶有关，而不是与氧化酶有关。新陈代谢研究证实了这一点，因为抗滴滴涕的成虫都表现出DDE产生速率的增加，这也与谷胱甘肽转移酶活性的增加有关。
The frequency of DDT resistance in Anopheles culicifacies Giles in Sri Lanka remained relatively constant from the cessation of DDT use for malaria control in 1975 until 1982. From 1983 to 1986, the frequency of resistance decreased slowly but significantly. In contrast, the resistance gene frequency in A. subpictus Grassi declined between 1980 and 1983, after which the trend was reversed, and there was a significant increase in DDT resistane in 1984-86. This rise in DDT resistance cannot be attributed to positive DDT selection pressure as there has been little or not agricultural use of DDT during this period. It is also unlikely that the rise in resistance is due to pyrethroid selection as the quantity of pyrethroids used on the island is low and there is no evidence of pyrethroid resistance from WHO susceptibility tests. Studies with the synergists FDMC (4-chloro-.alpha.-(4-chlorophenyl)-.alpha.-(trifluoromethyl)benzenemethanol) and piperonyl butoxide indicated the involvement of DDT-dehydrochlorinase rather than oxidase in the resistance. This was confirmed by metabolism studies, as DDT-resistant adults of both A. culicifacies and A. subpictus showed an increase in the rate of DDE production, which was also correlated with an increase in glutathoine transferase activity.