Observed Ecological Communities Are Formed by Species Combinations That Are among the Most Likely to Persist under Changing Environments

Observed Ecological Communities Are Formed by Species Combinations That Are among the Most Likely to Persist under Changing Environments
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观察到的生态群落是由最有可能在不断变化的环境下持续存在的物种组合形成的

DOI:
10.1086/711663
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发表时间:
2021
期刊:
The American Naturalist
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Saavedra, Serguei
Saavedra, Serguei
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
Medeiros, Lucas P.;Boege, Karina;del-Val, Ek;Zaldívar-Riverón, Alejandro;Saavedra, Serguei

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尽管在自然界中发现了丰富的生物多样性,但尚不清楚在给定的地点和时间内可以想象的相互作用的物种组合在多大程度上可能永远不会实现。然而,解决这个问题对于理解随机性和可预测性在生态群落聚集中的作用非常重要。在这里,我们表明,从区域物种池内的生态动态中出现的相互作用的物种的特定组合并不都是同样可能被看到的,相反,它们是最有可能在不断变化的环境中持续存在的。首先,我们使用基于生态位的竞争矩阵和Lotka-Volterra模型来证明,实现的相互作用的物种的组合更有可能在随机参数扰动下持续比大多数潜在的组合与相同数量的物种,可能已经形成的区域池。然后,我们证实了我们的理论结果,使用10年的观察研究,记录了88个植物草食动物群落在三个不同的森林演替阶段。通过推断和验证植物介导的竞争草食动物物种的社区,我们发现,观察到的草食动物的组合有一个预期的概率物种持久性高于一半的所有潜在的组合。我们的研究结果开辟了机会,建立一个正式的概率和预测的理解生态群落的组成。
Despite the rich biodiversity found in nature, it is unclear to what extent some combinations of interacting species, while conceivable in a given place and time, may never be realized. Yet solving this problem is important for understanding the role of randomness and predictability in the assembly of ecological communities. Here we show that the specific combinations of interacting species that emerge from the ecological dynamics within regional species pools are not all equally likely to be seen; rather, they are among the most likely to persist under changing environments. First, we use niche-based competition matrices and Lotka-Volterra models to demonstrate that realized combinations of interacting species are more likely to persist under random parameter perturbations than the majority of potential combinations with the same number of species that could have been formed from the regional pool. We then corroborate our theoretical results using a 10-year observational study, recording 88 plant-herbivore communities across three different forest successional stages. By inferring and validating plant-mediated communities of competing herbivore species, we find that observed combinations of herbivores have an expected probability of species persistence higher than half of all potential combinations. Our findings open up the opportunity to establish a formal probabilistic and predictive understanding of the composition of ecological communities.
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