Deformation and splitting of baroclinic eddies encountering a tall seamount

Deformation and splitting of baroclinic eddies encountering a tall seamount
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斜压涡流遇到高海山时的变形和分裂

DOI:
10.1080/03091929.2011.566566
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发表时间:
2011
影响因子:
1.3
通讯作者:
Sutyrin G
Sutyrin G
中科院分区:
地球科学4区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Sutyrin G

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利用β平面上的三层原始方程模型,探讨了斜压涡流遇到高海山时的变换。地形是有限的,因为海山穿透了涡旋所在的等压层,但没有跨越整个流体深度。在我们的数值模拟中,涡旋表现为上层和中层的位涡度异常,并由于β效应向海底山传播。从海底山移出的流体和滞留在海底山上的外部流体在地形附近形成的环流在接近的涡流的漂移、变形和侵蚀中起着关键作用。当海山半径较小时,一个简单的运动学模型可以很好地描述涡流轨迹的偏差,该模型不考虑涡核的变形。对于较宽的海山,这种相互作用可能导致涡旋核心的水平和/或垂直分裂,即增加涡旋破坏的发生。特别地,我们发现了一个有趣的机制,即中层涡核携带的位涡量增强了地形环流,并导致上层涡核的强烈变形和分裂。对转变后的涡结构的数值估计表明,地形相互作用对斜压涡演化提供了强有力的影响机制。根据涡旋的演化,在一个特定的无量纲参数空间中总结了我们的结果。
The transformation of baroclinic eddies encountering a tall seamount is explored using a three-layer primitive equation model on the β-plane. The topography is finite in that the seamount penetrates the isopycnal layer in which the eddy resides, but does not span the entire fluid depth. In our numerical simulations, the eddies are represented by potential vorticity anomalies in the upper and middle layers, and propagating towards the seamount due to the beta-effect. Circulations created near the topography, both by fluid removed from the seamount and by external fluid stranded over the seamount, play a key role in the drift, deformation, and erosion of the approaching eddies. When the radius of the seamount is small, the deviation of the eddy trajectory is well described by a simple kinematic model that does not take into account deformations of the vortex cores. For wider seamounts, such interactions may result in horizontal and/or vertical splitting of the vortex core, i.e., in increased occurrences of eddy destruction. In particular, an interesting mechanism is found, related to enhancement of topographic circulation by potential vorticity entrained from the vortex core in the middle layer, and resulting in strong deformations and splitting of the upper layer core. Numerical estimates of the transformed eddy structure indicate that topographic interactions provide powerful mechanisms for significantly influencing baroclinic eddy evolution. Our results are summarized in a specific nondimensional parameter space according to the eddy evolution.
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