Is the US Old-Age Mortality Advantage Vanishing?
Is the US Old-Age Mortality Advantage Vanishing?
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1728-4457.2016.00157.x
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发表时间：
2016-09-01
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
Yonker, James A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Palloni, Alberto;Yonker, James A.
美国人在一生中的大部分时间里的死亡率都高于其他高收入国家的同龄人，但最近的研究表明，在最老的年龄段，他们经历了死亡率的下降-我们称之为美国死亡率交叉现象。我们记录其中的交叉和时间趋势。我们发现，交叉的年龄以每年约0.5年的速度线性增长，这种变化模式以前从未被发现过。然后，我们询问几个潜在的解释，稳步增加交叉年龄。虽然没有一个是完全令人满意的，我们排除了不同的年龄误报，选择，以及获得和质量的医疗保健。最合理的解释涉及不同的吸烟和肥胖的有害影响，但我们无法更精确地判断这些因素是否单独或组合解释了这一现象。
Americans experience higher mortality than their peers in other high-income countries for most of the life course, but recent work has shown that at the oldest ages they experience a mortality advantage-a phenomenon we call the US mortality crossover. We document the crossover and time trends therein. We find that the age of crossover has increased linearly by about 0.5 years per year, a pattern of change that has not been identified before. We then interrogate several potential explanations for a steadily increasing crossover age. While none is completely satisfactory, we rule out differential age misstatement, selection, and access to and quality of health care. The most plausible explanations involve the deleterious effects of differential smoking and obesity, but we are unable to judge more precisely whether either of these factors independently or in combination explains the phenomenon.