The grammaticization of going to in (African American) English
The grammaticization of going to in (African American) English
复制标题
（非裔美式）英语中 go to 的语法化
DOI：
10.1017/s0954394599113048
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发表时间：
1999
影响因子：
1
通讯作者：
Sali A. Tagliamonte
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Shana Poplack;Sali A. Tagliamonte
本文着眼于有词汇意义的词项演变为语法标记的语法化过程，考察了在语言孤立中进化的三种散居的非裔美国人英语变体未来的时间指称部分，并将它们与英国起源的乡村英语和主流英语变体的时间指称部分进行了比较。除了一个例外，相同的约束层次限制了选择全面前往，这表明他们未来的时间参照系是从共同的来源派生出来的。这些变种之间的所有其他区别都是由于它们对正在进行的去做将来标记的语法化倾向的不同定位。代表不同发展阶段的限制条件的可操作性及其在不同社区的概率值的比较证实，飞地和农村品种保留了保守的特征，在这里以可变条件的形式显现，与正在创新的主流英语形成对比。我们认为，未来表达的可变性的主要决定因素是这样一个事实，即无论是非洲人还是英国人，孤立的发言者的讲话例示了在英语语言早期阶段起作用的制约因素，而这些制约现在正在从主流变体中消失。
Focusing on the process of grammaticization, whereby items with lexical meaning evolve into grammatical markers, this article examines the future temporal reference sectors of three diaspora varieties of African American English which have evolved in linguistic isolates and compares them with those of British-origin rural and mainstream varieties of English. With one exception, the same constraint hierarchies condition the selection of going to across the board, indicating that their future temporal reference systems are descended from a common source. All other distinctions among the varieties result from their differential positioning on the cline of ongoing grammaticization of going to as a future marker. Operationalization of constraints representing different stages of the development of going to and comparison of their probability values across communities confirm that the enclave and the rural varieties retain conservative traits, visible here in the form of variable conditioning, in contrast to mainstream English, which is innovating. We suggest that the major determinant of variability in the expression of the future is the fact that the speech of isolated speakers, whether of African or British origin, instantiates constraints that were operative at an earlier stage of the English language and that are now receding from mainstream varieties.