A morphological novelty evolved by co-option of a reduced gene regulatory network and gene recruitment in a beetle
A morphological novelty evolved by co-option of a reduced gene regulatory network and gene recruitment in a beetle
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DOI：
10.1098/rspb.2018.1373
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发表时间：
2018-08-29
影响因子：
4.7
通讯作者：
Bucher, Gregor
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hu, Yonggang;Schmitt-Engel, Christian;Bucher, Gregor
形态学新奇性进化的机制仍然是个谜，但现有基因调控网络（GRNs）的共同选择，基因的募集和孤儿基因的进化都被认为是有贡献的。在这里，我们研究了一种叫做杜松子酒陷阱的甲虫的形态学新奇。通过结合经典的候选基因的方法与无偏筛选的甲虫赤拟谷盗，我们发现，70%的测试组件的翅膀网络所需的杜松子酒陷阱的发展。然而，许多下游甚至上游组件并不包括在增选网络中。只有一个基因是从另一个生物背景中招募的，但它对杜松子酒陷阱的前后对称性至关重要，这代表了杜松子酒陷阱独特的形态创新。我们的数据突出了GRN的增选和修饰的重要性。单基因的募集在形态学新奇事物的进化中可能并不常见，但对于随后的新奇事物的多样化可能是必不可少的。最后，在筛选了赤拟谷盗基因组中约28%的注释基因以鉴定杜松子酒诱捕器发育所需的基因后，我们发现它们都不是孤儿基因，这表明孤儿基因在杜松子酒诱捕器的进化中可能只起了很小的作用。
The mechanisms underlying the evolution of morphological novelties have remained enigmatic but co-option of existing gene regulatory networks (GRNs), recruitment of genes and the evolution of orphan genes have all been suggested to contribute. Here, we study a morphological novelty of beetle pupae called gin-trap. By combining the classical candidate gene approach with unbiased screening in the beetle Tribolium castaneum, we find that 70% of the tested components of the wing network were required for gin-trap development. However, many downstream and even upstream components were not included in the co-opted network. Only one gene was recruited from another biological context, but it was essential for the anteroposterior symmetry of the gin-traps, which represents a gin-trap-unique morphological innovation. Our data highlight the importance of co-option and modification of GRNs. The recruitment of single genes may not be frequent in the evolution of morphological novelties, but may be essential for subsequent diversification of the novelties. Finally, after having screened about 28% of annotated genes in the Tribolium genome to identify the genes required for gin-trap development, we found none of them are orphan genes, suggesting that orphan genes may have played only a minor, if any, role in the evolution of gin-traps.