Soil water and solute transport in an Andosol apple orchard including the dormancy period in a snowy cold region
Soil water and solute transport in an Andosol apple orchard including the dormancy period in a snowy cold region
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DOI：
10.1016/j.compag.2022.107327
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发表时间：
2022-10
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
A. Endo
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
A. Endo
初春与北半球苹果园的融雪季节相对应。这对苹果树新梢和花芽的初期生长有显著影响。了解农户监测的果园非生长期土壤环境状况，对苹果全年生产管理具有重要意义。然而，在安多索尔的非生长季，物质迁移的细节，如土壤水和溶质，仍然不清楚。本研究在日本青森县安多索尔苹果园进行了冬季非生长季的土壤环境监测，以考察土壤环境的全年变化。测定了土壤体积含水率、土壤体积电导率和土壤温度，并根据监测到的体积含水率计算出土壤总水分的累积变化(ΣΔ)。结果表明，尽管ΣΔ土壤温度呈逐年增加(即干涸)的周期性变化，但与砂砾棕壤苹果园相比变化较小。这些结果可显著影响夏季干旱季节和早春苹果树根系开始吸收养分的土壤施肥管理。特别是，研究表明，如果在早春土壤孔隙水中保持足够的养分，可以减少过度施肥对周围环境的负面影响。因此，这项研究是实施田间监测系统以了解安多索尔苹果园土壤中物质运移细节的创新步骤。
Early spring corresponds to the snowmelt season in apple orchards of the northern hemisphere. This has a significant effect on the initial growth of shoots and flower buds of apple trees. Understanding the soil environment of the orchard during the non-growth period as monitored by farmers is important for managing year-round apple production. However, the details of mass transport, such as that of soil water and solute, during the non-growing season in the Andosols remain unclear. This study conducted soil environment monitoring in an Andosol apple orchard in Aomori Prefecture, Japan, during the non-growing season in winter to examine the year-round changes in the soil environment, using a field monitoring system that is necessary for understanding the soil environment. Volumetric water content, soil bulk electrical conductivity, and soil temperature were measured, and the cumulative changes in total soil moisture (ΣΔTSM) were calculated from the monitored volumetric water content. Results showed that although ΣΔTSM tended to increase (i.e., dry out) annually with periodicity, the variation was small compared to that of apple orchards with gravelly brown forest soil. These results could significantly influence fertilization management of apple orchard soil during the summer drought season and early spring when the roots of apple trees begin taking up nutrients. In particular, it was revealed that if sufficient nutrients remain in the soil pore water in early spring, the negative impact of excessive fertilization on the surrounding environment can be reduced. Therefore, this study constitutes an innovative step in the implementation of field monitoring system to understand the details of mass transport in the Andosol apple orchard soil.