Early Time-Restricted Feeding Improves 24-Hour Glucose Levels and Affects Markers of the Circadian Clock, Aging, and Autophagy in Humans
Early Time-Restricted Feeding Improves 24-Hour Glucose Levels and Affects Markers of the Circadian Clock, Aging, and Autophagy in Humans
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DOI：
10.3390/nu11061234
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发表时间：
2019-06-01
期刊：
影响因子：
5.9
通讯作者：
Peterson, Courtney M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Jamshed, Humaira;Beyl, Robbie A.;Peterson, Courtney M.
限时进食(TRF)是一种间歇性禁食，每天禁食时间较长。初步研究报告，TRF改善了啮齿动物和人类的心脏代谢健康。在这里，我们进行了第一项研究，以确定TRF如何影响人类心脏代谢危险因素的基因表达、循环激素和昼夜模式。11名超重成年人参加了一项为期4天的随机交叉研究，他们在上午8点至下午2点(早期TRF)和上午8点至晚上8点(控制表)之间进食。参与者接受持续的血糖监测，并抽取血液以评估心脏代谢危险因素、激素和全血细胞中的基因表达。与对照组相比，eTRF使24小时平均血糖水平降低了4+/-1 mg/dl(p=0.0003)，血糖漂移降低了12+/-3 mg/dl(p=0.001)。在早餐前的早晨，eTRF增加了酮、胆固醇、应激反应和衰老基因sirt1和自噬基因Lc3A的表达(均p<；0.04)，而在晚上，它倾向于增加脑源性神经营养因子(p=0.10)，并增加了MTOR的表达(p=0.007)，这是一种调节细胞生长的主要营养感知蛋白。ETRF还改变了皮质醇的昼夜模式和几个生物钟基因的表达(p<；0.05)。ETRF可改善24小时血糖水平，改变脂肪代谢和生物钟基因表达，还可能增加自噬，具有抗衰老作用。
Time-restricted feeding (TRF) is a form of intermittent fasting that involves having a longer daily fasting period. Preliminary studies report that TRF improves cardiometabolic health in rodents and humans. Here, we performed the first study to determine how TRF affects gene expression, circulating hormones, and diurnal patterns in cardiometabolic risk factors in humans. Eleven overweight adults participated in a 4-day randomized crossover study where they ate between 8 am and 2 pm (early TRF (eTRF)) and between 8 am and 8 pm (control schedule). Participants underwent continuous glucose monitoring, and blood was drawn to assess cardiometabolic risk factors, hormones, and gene expression in whole blood cells. Relative to the control schedule, eTRF decreased mean 24-hour glucose levels by 4 +/- 1 mg/dl (p = 0.0003) and glycemic excursions by 12 +/- 3 mg/dl (p = 0.001). In the morning before breakfast, eTRF increased ketones, cholesterol, and the expression of the stress response and aging gene SIRT1 and the autophagy gene LC3A (all p < 0.04), while in the evening, it tended to increase brain-derived neurotropic factor (BNDF; p = 0.10) and also increased the expression of MTOR (p = 0.007), a major nutrient-sensing protein that regulates cell growth. eTRF also altered the diurnal patterns in cortisol and the expression of several circadian clock genes (p < 0.05). eTRF improves 24-hour glucose levels, alters lipid metabolism and circadian clock gene expression, and may also increase autophagy and have anti-aging effects in humans.