ASSOCIATIONS BETWEEN THE DISCRIMINATIVE STIMULUS AND THE REINFORCER IN INSTRUMENTAL LEARNING
ASSOCIATIONS BETWEEN THE DISCRIMINATIVE STIMULUS AND THE REINFORCER IN INSTRUMENTAL LEARNING
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DOI：
10.1037/0097-7403.14.2.155
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发表时间：
1988-04-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
RESCORLA, RA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
COLWILL, RM;RESCORLA, RA
在三个实验中，我们研究了是否强化的反应中存在的歧视性刺激（SD）导致SD之间的关联和discer。在实验1和2中，动物被给予食物颗粒，这取决于在一种SD存在下的反应，以及蔗糖，这取决于在不同SD存在下的反应。接下来，他们被训练标记两个新的仪器反应，一个用小球强化，一个用蔗糖强化。最后，在SD存在的情况下测试这些响应。SD-干扰器关联的存在是从用相同干扰器训练的工具响应的性能的SD的优先增强推断的。在实验3中，我们比较了SD和巴甫洛夫兴奋（CS+）获得的转移。这两种刺激表现出优先转移的基础上的身份，但增强的水平较低的CS+。这些结果表明，SD提供的信息的身份所获得的反应在正常的工具性学习过程中。几种方式，这种知识可能被编码进行了讨论。
In three experiments we examined whether reinforcement of a response in the presence of a discriminative stimulus (SD) resulted in associations between the SD and the reinforcer. In Experiments 1 and 2, and animals were given food pellets contingent on responding in the presence of one SD, and sucrose contingent on responding in the presence of a different SD. Next, they were trained to mark two new instrumental responses, one reinforced with pellets and one with sucrose. Finally, those responses were tested in the presence of the SDs. The presence of SD-reinforcer associations was inferred from the preferential enhancement by the SD of performance of the instrumental response trained with the same reinforcer. In Experiment 3 we compared the transfer obtained with an SD and a Pavlovian excitor (CS+). Both stimuli showed preferential transfer on the basis of reinforcer identity, but the level of enhancement was lower for the CS+. These results show that the SD provides information about the identity of the reinforcer earned by a response in the normal course of instrumental learning. Several ways in which that knowledge might be encoded are discussed.