Molecular identification of a retinal cell type that responds to upward motion
Molecular identification of a retinal cell type that responds to upward motion
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DOI：
10.1038/nature06739
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发表时间：
2008-03-27
期刊：
影响因子：
64.8
通讯作者：
Sanes, Joshua R.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kim, In-Jung;Zhang, Yifeng;Sanes, Joshua R.
视网膜包含复杂的神经元回路，从视觉输入中提取重要信息。来自光感受器的信号由视网膜中间神经元处理，由视网膜神经节细胞（RGCs）整合，并通过RGCs轴突发送到大脑。不同类型的RGC对不同的视觉特征做出反应，例如光强度的增加或减少（分别为ON和OFF细胞）、颜色或移动物体（1-5）。因此，RGCs由一组从眼睛到大脑的平行通路组成。RGC亚群分子标记的鉴定将有助于将它们的结构与功能联系起来，评估它们的突触输入和靶点，并研究它们的多样性。在这里，我们展示了通过转基因标记方法，连接粘附分子B （JAM- B）标记了小鼠中一种以前未被识别的OFF RGCs。这些细胞具有不对称的树突状乔木，沿视网膜背侧到腹侧方向排列。它们的感受野也是不对称的，并选择性地对向体细胞到树突方向移动的刺激作出反应；因为晶状体把视网膜上的世界图像颠倒了，这些细胞在视野中检测到向上的运动。因此，JAM- B识别出一种独特的rgc群体，其结构与功能显著对应。
The retina contains complex circuits of neurons that extract salient information from visual inputs. Signals from photoreceptors are processed by retinal interneurons, integrated by retinal ganglion cells ( RGCs) and sent to the brain by RGC axons. Distinct types of RGC respond to different visual features, such as increases or decreases in light intensity ( ON and OFF cells, respectively), colour or moving objects(1-5). Thus, RGCs comprise a set of parallel pathways from the eye to the brain. The identification of molecular markers for RGC subsets will facilitate attempts to correlate their structure with their function, assess their synaptic inputs and targets, and study their diversification. Here we show, by means of a transgenic marking method, that junctional adhesion molecule B ( JAM- B) marks a previously unrecognized class of OFF RGCs in mice. These cells have asymmetric dendritic arbors aligned in a dorsal- to- ventral direction across the retina. Their receptive fields are also asymmetric and respond selectively to stimuli moving in a soma- to- dendrite direction; because the lens reverses the image of the world on the retina, these cells detect upward motion in the visual field. Thus, JAM- B identifies a unique population of RGCs in which structure corresponds remarkably to function.