The Reliability and Validity of the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) for Chinese University Students
The Reliability and Validity of the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) for Chinese University Students
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流行病学研究中心中国大学生抑郁量表（CES-D）的信效度
DOI：
10.3389/fpsyt.2019.00315
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发表时间：
2019-05-21
影响因子：
4.7
通讯作者：
Tao, Qian
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Jiang, Lijun;Wang, Ying;Tao, Qian
目的：抑郁症在世界范围内的大学生中很普遍，而且患病率似乎还在增加。作为健康和抑郁之间的中间阶段，阈值下抑郁的学生可以发展成更严重的抑郁，也可以通过干预预防抑郁而恢复。流行病学研究中心抑郁量表(CES-D)是评估阈值下抑郁的有用工具。本研究的主要目的是评估CES-D在中国大学生中的心理测量学特征。方法：采用中国大学生抑郁自评量表(CES-D)、贝克抑郁问卷(BDI-II)和积极与消极情绪量表(PANAS)对2068名大学生进行问卷调查。采用结构方程模型进行探索性因素分析(EFA)和验证性因素分析(CFA)对因素结构进行评价。通过计算Cronbach‘sα、条目间相关系数和条目-总相关系数来评估信度。计算阈值下抑郁的患病率，并对性别、年级和专业的人口学相关因素进行多元回归分析。结果：最终样本包括1920名参与者。EFA结果提取了3个因子(躯体症状、负性情感和快感缺乏)，对总变异的贡献率为52.68%。CFA结果表明，新得到的14个项目的模型最符合我们的数据。从原来的量表中删除了6个项目(项目9、10、13、15、17和19)。由14个条目组成的CES-D的Cronbach‘s Alpha为0.87。20个条目的CES-D和14个条目的CES-D在大学生中的阈值下抑郁患病率分别为32.7%和31%，但在性别、年级和专业上没有显著差异。结论：CES-D在中国大学生阈值下抑郁的测评中具有良好的信度和效度。
Aims: Depression is prevalent among university students worldwide, and the prevalence appears to be increasing. As an intermediate stage between being healthy and having depression, students with subthreshold depression could develop worsening depression or recover with intervention to prevent depression. The Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) is a useful tool to assess subthreshold depression. The primary purpose of the current study was to evaluate the psychometric characteristics of CES-D in Chinese university students. Secondly, we aimed to describe the prevalence of subthreshold depression among the student sample and examine its demographic correlates.Methods: A total of 2,068 university students participated in the study, and they were asked to respond to the Chinese CES-D, Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II), and Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS). The factor structure was evaluated by conducting exploratory (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) using a structural equation modeling approach. The reliability was assessed by calculating Cronbach's alpha, inter-item correlation, and item-total correlation coefficients. The prevalence of subthreshold depression was calculated and demographic correlates of gender, grade, and major were examined by multiple regression.Results: The final sample included 1,920 participants. The EFA results suggested extraction of three factors (somatic symptoms, negative affect, and anhedonia) that account for 52.68% of total variance. The CFA results suggested that the newly derived model with 14 items was the best fit for our data. Six items were removed from the original scale (item 9, 10, 13, 15, 17, and 19). The Cronbach's alpha of the 14-item CES-D was 0.87. The prevalence of subthreshold depression among university students reached 32.7% for the 20-item CES-D and 31% for the 14-item CES-D, although there was no significant difference of prevalence in gender, grade, and major.Conclusions: The CES-D has good reliability and validity for assessing subthreshold depression in Chinese university students.